GOALI: From heat to spin to electricity: Fundamental understanding and development of high-performance spin-driven thermoelectric heterostructures

目标：从热到自旋到电：高性能自旋驱动热电异质结构的基本理解和开发

基本信息

批准号：
2110603
负责人：
Daryoosh Vashaee
金额：
$ 44.5万
依托单位：
North Carolina State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110603&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
GOALI heat spin electricity Fundamental

项目摘要

Thermoelectric materials can generate electricity in the presence of a temperature difference or work in a reverse mode providing cooling when an electric current is passed through the material. The thermoelectric technology, which used to be primarily based on alloys of bismuth telluride for Peltier cooling modules, or silicon-germanium for radioisotope thermoelectric generators used in NASA spacecraft, has expanded over the last two decades to a wide range of materials for power generation, cooling, or infrared detection and imaging applications. Power generation from low-grade heat sources, such as waste heat at industry, ambient heat, buildings, or body heat, has particularly taken much attention. Waste heat recovery can significantly reduce the use of fossil fuels and help prevent a worldwide energy crisis. As such, thermoelectric materials research is currently an area of intense research. Until now, most of the efforts and progress have been on the direct conversion of heat into electricity, with the progress approaching a plateau. This proposal investigates an alternate route based on converting heat into the thermal fluctuation of magnetization that can, in turn, convert into electricity. This approach offers a parallel path to boost energy conversion efficiency, leading to a promising direction towards low-cost, high efficiency, and versatile thermoelectric technology.The project team plans to design and synthesize a new class of thermoelectric materials that can overcome the fundamental limits imposed by Fermi-Dirac statistics on charge carriers by utilizing paramagnons - bosonic quasi-particles that can play as a new independent variable not limited to the counter-balancing nature of the parameters that enter zT. Just as in the discovery of the spin-Seebeck effect, which led to the new area of spincaloritronics, where the spin angular momentum is transferred to the electrons, the project team designs materials where the local thermal fluctuations of magnetization in the paramagnetic state (i.e., paramagnons) transfer their linear momentum to electrons and increase the thermopower. The proposal envisions three major thrusts: (i) understand the physics of electron-paramagnon interactions and identify the key material parameters through multiscale modeling, (ii) design multi-phase magnetic materials and synthesize them based on the theoretical understandings and the available experimental data, (iii) synthesize such materials, characterize and study them, and provide feedback to the design procedure for optimization. The emphasis will be placed on engineering these effects and designing high-performance commercially scalable compounds. This transdisciplinary work will open a new way to design high-performance thermoelectrics. At the same time, the study proposed here will provide data and information critical to studying the dynamics of short-lived local magnetic order, which is now at the forefront of the development of spin-dynamic theories in general.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

热电材料可以在存在温度差的情况下发电或在反向模式下工作，从而在电流通过材料时提供冷却。曾经主要基于NASA SpaceCraft中使用的放射异构体热电发电机的peltier冷却模块的BiSmuth Telluride合金或用于peltier冷却模块的鞭毛剂合金的热电学技术已在过去二十年中扩展到用于发电，冷却，或INFRAREDECTIONS和INFRAREDECTIONS和INFRAREDARDECTION和IMFRARDARED范围的材料。低级热源的发电，例如行业的废热，环境热，建筑物或身体热量，特别引起了人们的关注。废热恢复可以大大减少化石燃料的使用，并有助于防止全球能源危机。因此，热电材料研究目前是一项激烈研究的领域。到目前为止，大多数努力和进步一直在直接转化为电力，而进步却接近了高原。该提案根据将热量转化为磁化的热波动，研究了一条替代路线，进而可以转化为电力。 This approach offers a parallel path to boost energy conversion efficiency, leading to a promising direction towards low-cost, high efficiency, and versatile thermoelectric technology.The project team plans to design and synthesize a new class of thermoelectric materials that can overcome the fundamental limits imposed by Fermi-Dirac statistics on charge carriers by utilizing paramagnons - bosonic quasi-particles that can play as a new independent variable not limited to输入ZT的参数的反平衡性质。就像在发现自旋式效果的情况下一样，这导致了链甲7的新区域，其中旋转角动量被转移到电子中一样，项目团队设计的材料在其中，磁性磁化的局部磁化热波动（即，帕拉马尼族）将其线性动量转移到电子和热能上。该提议设想了三个主要的势头：（i）了解电子 - 帕拉玛诺相互作用的物理学，并通过多尺度建模来确定关键的材料参数，（ii）设计多相磁性材料并根据理论理解和可用的实验数据（III）合成此类材料，表征和研究返回的过程，并根据理论理解和可用的实验数据（III）合成它们来合成它们。重点将放在工程上这些效果并设计高性能在商业上可扩展的化合物。这项跨学科的工作将开辟一种设计高性能热电学的新方法。同时，此处提出的研究将为研究短暂的局部磁性秩序的动态提供至关重要的数据和信息，该磁性秩序的动态至关重要，现在这是一般旋转动力学理论的发展的最前沿。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和宽广的影响来评估的支持，并被认为是值得的。