RUI: Neutron-Star Matter in the LIGO A+ Era and Beyond

RUI：LIGO A 时代及以后的中子星物质

• 批准号: 2110441
• 负责人: Jocelyn Read
• 金额: $ 22.45万
• 依托单位: CSU Fullerton Auxiliary Services Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110441&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Neutron; Star; Matter; LIGO; RUI; Neutron; Star; Matter; LIGO

Neutron stars are critical sites for learning about the unknown structure and makeup of matter in its most extreme high-density form. Gravitational wave emission traces the dynamics of dense matter in neutron-star interiors, and the discovery of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 by the LIGO and Virgo Scientific Collaborations inaugurated the era of dense matter studies with gravitational waves. The research funded by this grant will support precision neutron-star matter science using future observations with upgraded LIGO and Virgo detectors, providing insight into forms of matter that cannot be recreated on Earth. It will engage and support undergraduate and Masters students at California State University Fullerton, a Hispanic-Serving Institution, in cutting-edge research at the intersection of nuclear physics and gravitational-wave astronomy. The phase evolution of the gravitational waves from a neutron star merger carries an imprint of the stars' internal structure. Currently, the only measurable matter signature is due to the leading-order tidal deformability parameter. However, improvements to detector sensitivities are poised to deliver louder and more numerous neutron star observations in the near future, unlocking the information encoded in next-to-leading-order tidal deformabilities and dynamical tides. In preparation for these future measurements, state-of-the-art infrastructure will be developed to connect gravitational-wave observables to the fundamental properties of dense matter, including its equation of state. In particular, this comprehensive Bayesian framework for inferring the equation of state will account for as-yet-unmeasured matter signatures, for uncertainty in the neutron star population, and for prior information from nuclear theory and electromagnetic observations of pulsars. These tools will be deployed to analyze future gravitational wave observations, helping to maximize the amount of dense matter knowledge they impart.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

中子星是以最极端的高密度形式学习未知结构和物质构成的关键位置。 引力波发射在中子星室内构成密集物质的动力学，以及通过Ligo和Pirgo科学合作的发现二进制中子星星合并GW170817，这使得与重力波的密集物质研究时代开启了。这项赠款资助的研究将使用升级的Ligo和处女座探测器的未来观察结果来支持Precision Neutron-Star Matter Science，从而提供了对无法在地球上重新创建的物质形式的见解。它将在西班牙裔服务机构加利福尼亚州立大学富勒顿大学参与并支持本科生，并在核物理和重力波天文学的交汇处进行尖端研究。来自中子恒星合并的重力波的相位演变带有恒星内部结构的烙印。当前，唯一可测量的物质签名是由于领先的潮汐变形性参数。但是，对探测器敏感性的改善有望在不久的将来提供更大声的中子星观测，并解锁了在近代领导的潮汐变形和动态潮汐中编码的信息。为了准备这些未来的测量结果，将开发最新的基础设施，以将重力波的可观察物与密集物质的基本特性（包括其状态方程）联系起来。特别是，这个用于推断状态方程的综合贝叶斯框架将解释尚未确定的物质特征，中子恒星种群的不确定性以及核理论和脉冲星电磁观察的先前信息。这些工具将被部署以分析未来的引力波观测，有助于最大程度地提高其所赋予的密集物质知识的数量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来审查标准来通过评估来获得支持的。