RESEARCH-PGR: Developing novel strategies to enhance the tolerance of crops to a combination of drought and heat stress.

研究-植物遗传资源：制定新策略来增强作物对干旱和热胁迫的耐受性。

• 批准号: 2110017
• 负责人: Ron Mittler
• 金额: $ 112万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110017&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RESEARCH; PGR; Developing; novel; strategies

Heat waves occurring during periods of drought stress have a devastating impact on agricultural production and yield. A combination of drought and heat stress occurring during the summers of 1980, 1988, 2000, 2003 and 2008, for example, resulted in yield losses estimated in 33, 44, 7.6, 7 and 8.6 billion dollars, respectively. Because episodes of drought and heat stress are expected to increase in intensity and frequency in the coming years, due to the largely unopposed process of global warming and its consequential impacts on climate change, breeding crops for enhanced tolerance to a combination of drought and heat stress is of the utmost importance for modern agriculture and food sustainability. Crucial for yield loss during episodes of drought and heat stress are processes such as flowering and fertilization that are especially sensitive to these conditions, as well as highly important for yield production in almost all cereals and legumes. In this project the focus is on the impact of heat, drought, and drought and heat combination on flowering, fertilization, and seed production of soybean. Using a combination of experimental tools, genes and proteins that are essential for enhancing the tolerance of soybean to these stressful conditions will be identified. These proteins and genes will enable breeders to develop new genotypes that will resist the harsh conditions of our current and future environment and ensure a secure and sustainable soybean seed production for years to come.A combination of drought and heat stress occurring during the reproductive growth phase of many different crops, such as soybean, corn, rice, and wheat, has a devastating impact on yield. In soybean, a considerable effort has been made to develop genotypes with enhanced yield production under conditions of drought or heat stress. However, how these genotypes perform under conditions of drought and heat stress combination is mostly unknown. Moreover, although past research has focused on the impact of abiotic stress on pollen viability, recent findings reveal that the combination of drought and heat stress has a unique impact on reproductive processes that occur post pollen germination. Here, it is proposed to utilize a unique collection of soybean genotypes with altered seed production under conditions of drought or heat stress conditions to identify genes and gene networks impacting seed production under a combination of drought and heat stress. Using a combination of field and growth chamber studies focused on the effect of drought and heat stress combination on reproductive tissues and yield of different soybean genotypes, coupled with microdissection techniques, RNA sequencing and machine learning-driven network analysis tools, genes and gene networks that impact reproductive processes under conditions of stress combination will be identified. The function of these genes/gene networks will be validated by genetically modifying their expression in transgenic soybean plants with the overall goal of enhancing yield of soybean plants grown under conditions of drought and heat stress combination.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

干旱压力期间发生的热浪对农业生产和产量产生了破坏性的影响。例如，在1980年，1988年，2000年，2003年和2008年的夏季，干旱和热应力的结合分别导致了33、44、7.6、7和86亿美元的收益率损失。由于预计在未来几年的干旱和热应激发作将增加强度和频率，因此由于在很大程度上没有反应的全球变暖过程及其对气候变化的结果影响，因此繁殖作物增强了对干旱和热应激的耐受性，对现代农业和食品的可持续性非常重要。在干旱和热应力发作期间产量损失的关键是对这些条件特别敏感的开花和施肥等过程，并且对于几乎所有谷物和豆类的产量产生非常重要。在这个项目中，重点是热，干旱和干旱以及热量组合对开花，施肥和大豆种子产生的影响。使用实验工具，基因和蛋白质的组合，这些基因和蛋白质对于增强大豆对这些压力条件的耐受性至关重要。这些蛋白质和基因将使育种者能够开发出新的基因型，以抵抗我们当前和未来的环境的恶劣条件，并确保未来几年的安全，可持续的大豆种子生产。在许多不同农作物的生殖生长阶段发生的干旱和热应激的结合，例如大豆，玉米，玉米，米饭，麦片和麦内，对造成的产生影响。在大豆中，在干旱或热应激条件下开发具有增强产量产生的基因型已做出了相当大的努力。但是，这些基因型在干旱和热应激组合条件下的表现大多是未知的。此外，尽管过去的研究集中在非生物胁迫对花粉生存能力的影响上，但最近的发现表明，干旱和热应激的结合对在花粉发芽后发生的生殖过程产生了独特的影响。在这里，建议在干旱或热应激条件的条件下使用独特的大豆基因型，种子产量改变，以鉴定在干旱和热应激的结合下影响种子产量的基因和基因网络。使用田间和生长室研究的结合，重点介绍了干旱和热应激组合对生殖组织的影响以及不同大豆基因型的产量，再加上微产生技术，RNA测序以及机器学习驱动的网络分析工具，基因和基因网络，在胁迫组合的条件下会影响生殖过程。 The function of these genes/gene networks will be validated by genetically modifying their expression in transgenic soybean plants with the overall goal of enhancing yield of soybean plants grown under conditions of drought and heat stress combination.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

项目成果

The impact of multifactorial stress combination on plants, crops, and ecosystems: how should we prepare for what comes next?

• DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16557
• 发表时间: 2023-11-23
• 期刊: PLANT JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 7.2
• 作者: Zandalinas，Sara I.;Pelaez-Vico，Maria Angeles;Mittler，Ron
• 通讯作者: Mittler，Ron

Phytochrome B regulates reactive oxygen signaling during abiotic and biotic stress in plants

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.18626
• 发表时间: 2022-12-08
• 期刊: NEW PHYTOLOGIST
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Fichman, Yosef;Xiong, Haiyan;Mittler, Ron
• 通讯作者: Mittler, Ron

Stress combination: from genes to ecosystems.

胁迫组合：从基因到生态系统。

• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: The Plan journal
• 作者: Zandalinas SI, Casal J

Systemic stomatal responses in plants: Coordinating development, stress, and pathogen defense under a changing climate

• DOI: 10.1111/pce.14797
• 发表时间: 2024-01-01
• 期刊: PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Pelaez-Vico，Maria Angeles;Zandalinas，Sara I.;Mittler，Ron
• 通讯作者: Mittler，Ron

Plant responses and adaptations to a changing climate

• DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15641
• 发表时间: 2022-01-01
• 期刊: PLANT JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 7.2
• 作者: Cushman, John C.;Denby, Katherine;Mittler, Ron
• 通讯作者: Mittler, Ron