NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2021: Using a protoendothermic mammal to understand how body temperature influences nutrient absorption.

2021 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：利用原吸热哺乳动物了解体温如何影响营养吸收。

• 批准号: 2109649
• 负责人: Justin Conner
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Conner, Justin L
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2109649&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2021, Broadening Participation of Groups Under-represented in Biology. The Fellowship supports a research and training plan for the Fellow that will increase the participation of groups underrepresented in biology. The ability to generate a high internal body temperature independent of environmental temperature, has independently evolved twice in vertebrate animals, in mammals and in birds. However, there is a high cost (in terms of energy) to maintaining a high body temperature. This project focuses on understanding why there is increased body temperatures in modern mammals. To answer this question, the PI will use the tenrec as a model system. Tenrecs are mammals from Madagascar with a body temperature more variable than any other known mammal, and are an excellent model for understanding the advantages of having a warmer body temperature. More specifically this project will focus on how body temperature influences digestion, which is connected to energy generation. To broaden participation, the fellow will set up two independent outreach events at the University of Nevada Las Vegas aimed at increasing minority engagement within the Department of Life Sciences.Tenrecs have the remarkable ability to partially disconnect body temperature and metabolism. For instance, when maintained at 12°C, the body temperature of active tenrecs can range from ~13 to 32°C but resting metabolism of active tenrecs at 12°C may vary by 25-fold and is only partially dependent on body temperature. The fellow will exploit a unique mammalian system in order to understand how body temperature influences the nutrient extraction from food. This model will directly test the hypothesis that warmer body temperatures allow for greater nutrient extraction from foods. To test this nutrient extraction model for the evolution of endothermy (increased body temperature), an integrative approach will be used. Utilizing whole animal, ex vivo, and in vitro 3D cell culture approaches to develop a multi-level approach the exploits whole animal, organ, and even cellular level investigation. Fewer than 2% of all post-docs in STEM fields are Black/African American, which is an over 6-fold underrepresentation of the population as a whole. Diversity within biological sciences will not increase unless underrepresented individuals are elevated thus, becoming an example of opportunities within this field. To broaden participation, the fellow will establish outreach events at the University of Nevada Las Vegas, leveraging the LSAMP program there.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该行动为2021财年的生物学生物学研究金提供了一项NSF博士后研究奖学金，扩大了人数不足的生物学的参与。奖学金支持该研究员的研究和培训计划，这将增加生物学中代表性不足的群体的参与。在脊椎动物，哺乳动物和鸟类中，产生高体温的高体温能力独立发展了两次。但是，维持高体温的成本很高（在能量方面）。该项目的重点是了解为什么现代哺乳动物的体温增加。为了回答这个问题，PI将使用TenRec作为模型系统。 Tenrecs是来自马达加斯加的哺乳动物，其体温比任何其他已知的哺乳动物都更可变化，并且是理解体温较高的优势的绝佳模型。更具体地说，该项目将集中于体温如何影响消化，这与能量产生有关。为了扩大参与，该研究员将在内华达大学拉斯维加斯大学建立两次独立的外展活动，旨在增加生命科学系内部的少数派参与。例如，当保持在12°C时，活性TenREC的体温范围为〜13至32°C，但是在12°C下的活性TenREC的静息代谢可能会变化25倍，并且仅部分取决于体温。该研究员将探索一个独特的哺乳动物系统，以了解体温如何影响食物中的营养提取。该模型将直接检验以下假设：较高的体温允许从食物中提取更多的营养。为了测试这种养分提取模型的吸热性演变（体温升高），将使用综合方法。利用全动物，离体和体外3D细胞培养方法开发多层次方法，利用了整个动物，器官甚至细胞水平的投资。在STEM领域，所有后大事的人数不到2％是黑人/非洲裔美国人，这是整个人口的6倍以上。除非有代表性不足的个体被提升，否则生物科学中的多样性将不会增加，从而成为该领域机会的一个例子。为了扩大参与，该研究员将在内华达大学拉斯维加斯大学建立宣传活动，利用那里的LSAMP计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估该基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来评估标准。