Understanding and Controlling Hydrodynamic Cavitation to Improve Manufacturing Processes Involving High Velocity Fluid Flow

了解和控制水动力空化以改进涉及高速流体流动的制造工艺

基本信息

批准号：
2043325
负责人：
Gracious Ngaile
金额：
$ 35.49万
依托单位：
North Carolina State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2043325&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Understanding Controlling Hydrodynamic Cavitation Improve

项目摘要

This grant supports research that contributes new knowledge in the manufacturing field, promoting both progress of science and engineering and advancing national prosperity. Hydrodynamic cavitation is the formation, growth, and burst of gas bubbles in a rapidly flowing fluid. The resulting implosion of gas bubbles releases concentrated energy as pressure waves or high-speed micro jets. The impact of this project is on multiple fronts; the potential to reduce total energy spent in manufacturing processes, increase in the quality of the produced parts and fabrication of part features that are difficult to achieve with conventional manufacturing processes. The knowledge gained from this project could also be used to enhance the efficiency of existing cavitation-based systems in other areas beyond manufacturing such as cleaning devices, water purification, and homogenization of industrial and food products. The experimental and analytical work emanating from this project provides excellent educational opportunities to graduates and undergraduate students participating in the research. Particular emphasis is placed on engaging women and minority students in this project. The project also supports several classroom teaching initiatives within the manufacturing curriculum.The goal of this project is to advance the fundamental understanding of mechanisms for producing hydrodynamic cavitation from a high velocity fluid stream in a manufacturing process so that the pressure waves and micro-jets produced by this cavitation could be utilized to enhance the process. A combination of experimentation and analytical and numerical modeling is used to study different mechanisms for producing and controlling hydrodynamic cavitation. The study includes (1) characterization of hydrodynamic cavitation intensity via novel flow-induced vibration at various resonance frequencies, (2) characterization of vortex flows that can generate continuous and fully cavitating fluid streams thus increasing the yield on the energy to be harvested, and (3) development of mechanisms for creating self-resonating flows via superposition of pressure waves aimed at enhancing bubble collapse frequency. The analytical modeling provides an estimate of pressure induced during bubble collapse, whereas numerical modeling provides field variables depicting distribution behavior of cavitation in the fluid domain. To quantify the cavitation power density obtained from the above mechanisms, residual stresses and microhardness distributions measured from samples are mapped with field variables from numerical and analytical models. This project is aimed at creating a knowledge base to facilitate utilization of the cavitation energy to enhance manufacturing processes that involve high velocity fluid flow such as water jet cutting, water jet peening for surface treatment, nano-lubricant formulation, and polishing.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这笔赠款支持在制造领域贡献新知识的研究，促进科学和工程的进步并促进国家繁荣。水动力空化是快速流动的流体中气泡的形成、生长和破裂。由此产生的气泡内爆以压力波或高速微射流的形式释放集中能量。该项目的影响是多方面的；减少制造过程中消耗的总能源、提高生产零件的质量以及制造传统制造工艺难以实现的零件特征的潜力。从该项目中获得的知识还可用于提高制造以外其他领域现有基于空化的系统的效率，例如清洁设备、水净化以及工业和食品的均质化。该项目的实验和分析工作为参与该研究的研究生和本科生提供了极好的教育机会。该项目特别强调让女性和少数民族学生参与。该项目还支持制造课程中的多项课堂教学计划。该项目的目标是增进对制造过程中高速流体流产生流体动力空化的机制的基本理解，从而产生压力波和微射流可以利用这种空化来增强该过程。实验与分析和数值模拟相结合，用于研究产生和控制水动力空化的不同机制。该研究包括（1）通过各种共振频率下的新型流致振动来表征水动力空化强度，（2）表征可以产生连续且完全空化流体流的涡流，从而增加要收集的能量的产量，以及(3) 开发通过压力波叠加产生自共振流的机制，旨在提高气泡破裂频率。分析模型提供了气泡破裂期间引起的压力的估计，而数值模型提供了描述流体域中空化分布行为的场变量。为了量化从上述机制获得的空化功率密度，将样品测量的残余应力和显微硬度分布与数值和分析模型中的场变量进行映射。该项目旨在创建一个知识库，以促进空化能量的利用，以增强涉及高速流体流动的制造工艺，例如水射流切割、用于表面处理的水射流喷丸、纳米润滑剂配方和抛光。该奖项反映了通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，NSF 的法定使命被认为值得支持。