Collaborative Research: Evaluation of the Fundamental Photochemical Mechanisms Driving Carbonyl Sulfide and Carbon Disulfide Formation in Sunlit Natural Waters

合作研究：评估在阳光照射的天然水中驱动硫化碳和二硫化碳形成的基本光化学机制

• 批准号: 2108835
• 负责人: Christina Remucal
• 金额: $ 8.87万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2108835&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evaluation; Fundamental; Photochemical

With support from the Environmental Chemical Sciences (ECS) Program in the Division of Chemistry, Amisha Shah and Christina Remucal of Purdue University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, respectively, will study chemical reactions involving the element sulfur that occur at the surface of natural waters. These chemical reactions are important because they can produce small molecules containing carbon-sulfur (C-S) bonds that can then move into the atmosphere above. Once in the atmosphere, the small molecules can participate in other chemical reactions that impact climate warming and cooling. It is clear that exposing such waters to sunlight helps form the carbon-sulfur species, but the details of how the process occurs remains unclear, especially with regard to how other chemical compounds in water impact the process. In this project, Drs. Shah and Remucal will investigate the chemical mechanisms for production of carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide from precursors in natural waters. At present, models of the global sulfur budget for the production of these gases from these sources are inconsistent. In particular, sunlight is known to enhance production of these organosulfur species, but the mechanism for this enhancement remains unclear. The primary aim of this study is to develop a better understanding of the fundamental chemical mechanisms responsible for the photoproduction of carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide in natural waters. These goals will be met by conducting different types of lab-scale experiments using a reactor that simulates sunlight illuminating a water sample containing a variety of chemical precursors and reactants. Outcomes of this project will include outreach to the scientific community, students, and the public to educate them on the role aquatic chemistry and photochemistry processes have on the climate. The researchers will also engage in outreach to middle and high schools and provide research training to undergraduate and graduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在化学划分的环境化学科学（ECS）计划的支持下，普渡大学和威斯康星大学 - 麦迪逊分别将研究涉及在自然水域表面发生的元素硫的化学反应。这些化学反应很重要，因为它们可以产生含有碳硫（C-S）键的小分子，然后可以进入上方的大气中。一旦进入大气，小分子就可以参与其他影响气候变暖和冷却的化学反应。显然，将这​​种水暴露在阳光下有助于形成碳硫种类，但是该过程的发生的细节仍不清楚，尤其是关于水中其他化合物如何影响该过程的其他化合物。 在这个项目中，博士。 Shah和Remucal将研究从天然水中的前体中生产硫化羰基和二硫化碳的化学机制。 目前，从这些来源生产这些气体的全球硫预算模型是不一致的。 特别是，已知阳光可以增强这些有机硫的物种的产生，但是这种增强的机制尚不清楚。 这项研究的主要目的是更好地理解负责自然水域中羰基硫化物和二硫化碳光生生产的基本化学机制。这些目标将通过使用反应器进行不同类型的实验室规模实验来实现，该反应器模拟阳光照亮了含有各种化学前体和反应物的水样品。该项目的成果将包括向科学界，学生和公众提供宣传，以教育他们关于水生化学和光化学过程在气候中的作用。研究人员还将与中学和高中进行宣传，并向本科和研究生提供研究培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估的评估来支持的。