Collaborative Research: P2C2--ICECAP (ICE age Chemistry And Proxies) Phase-4: Studying Aerosol Transport, Forcing, and Climate Feedbacks during the Common and Last Glacial Eras

合作研究：P2C2--ICECAP（ICE 时代化学和代理）第四阶段：研究共冰期和末次冰期期间的气溶胶输送、强迫和气候反馈

• 批准号: 2102918
• 负责人: Pengfei Liu
• 金额: $ 35.78万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2102918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; P2C2; ICECAP; ICE

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The research team generally aims to develop a more complete and quantitative understanding of (1) natural and anthropogenic drivers of biomass burning, and (2) linkages between Northern Hemisphere (NH) biomass burning and climate over the most recent 2,000 years and rapid climate change during five Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events of the last glacial era. To accomplish these goals, the research team will make new measurements on already-archived ice core samples and leverage from existing published and unpublished ice core data as well as interpret findings within a model framework, including simulations with both simple models and the more detailed, 3-D ICECAP model.The research team will develop an Arctic ice core array of biomass burning tracer deposition spanning the last 2,000 years from thirteen ice core sites—including new measurements on an archived ice core from the northernmost ice cap of Greenland— to quantify how biomass burning emissions have changed over the past two millennia. This detailed array, which incorporates ice core sites representative of burning in Europe, North America, and Siberia, will aid in the assessment of how biomass burning has changed regionally across the high latitude NH. In addition, the researchers will use ICECAP, which includes an atmospheric chemistry transport component (GEOS-Chem) and a dynamic vegetation and fire model (LPJ-LMfire), to explore links between biomass burning, human activities, and climate variability, as well as to assess the impact of fire emissions on radiative forcing and chemistry-climate interactions.Wildfires are a critical component of the earth system. Biomass burning emissions play an important role in climate through both direct and indirect radiative forcing and fire-driven land cover change alters albedo and the hydrologic cycle. Current model simulations, however, are hampered by uncertainties associated with natural and anthropogenic aerosol emission sources, especially during the preindustrial era which serves as the baseline for assessment of modern forcing. It is increasingly recognized that humans have altered atmospheric aerosols much earlier than the commonly-used preindustrial baseline of 1750 CE; this project will help improve model parameterization of preindustrial aerosol transport and emissions, including from both anthropogenic and natural sources, as well as of aerosol-climate interactions and feedbacks across rapid climate change during the last glacial era.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金来源于《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）。研究团队的总体目标是对 (1) 生物质燃烧的自然和人为驱动因素有更完整和定量的了解， (2) 最近 2000 年北半球 (NH) 生物质燃烧与气候之间的联系以及五次 Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) 事件期间的快速气候变化为了实现这些目标，研究小组将对已存档的冰芯样本进行新的测量，并利用现有已发表和未发表的冰芯数据，并在模型框架内解释研究结果，包括使用简单模型和模型进行模拟。更详细的 3-D ICECAP 模型。研究小组将开发一个北极冰芯阵列，其中包含过去 2000 年来自 13 个冰芯地点的生物质燃烧示踪剂沉积物，其中包括对最北冰盖存档冰芯的新测量格陵兰岛——量化过去两千年来生物质燃烧排放的变化。这个详细的阵列包括欧洲、北美和西伯利亚燃烧的冰芯地点，将有助于评估生物质燃烧在区域内的变化。此外，研究人员将使用 ICECAP（包括大气化学传输组件（GEOS-Chem）和动态植被与火灾模型（LPJ-LMfire））来探索生物质燃烧、人类活动和气候变化，以及评估火灾排放对辐射强迫和化学-气候相互作用的影响。野火是地球系统的重要组成部分生物质燃烧排放通过直接和间接在气候中发挥着重要作用。然而，辐射强迫和火灾驱动的土地覆盖变化改变了反照率和水文循环，但当前的模型模拟受到与自然和人为气溶胶排放源相关的不确定性的阻碍，特别是在前工业时代。人们越来越认识到，人类改变大气气溶胶的时间比常用的工业化前基线 1750 年要早得多；该项目将有助于改进工业化前气溶胶传输和排放的模型参数化，包括人为和排放的模型参数化。自然资源，以及气溶胶与气候的相互作用以及上一个冰期期间快速气候变化的反馈。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过评估被认为值得支持利用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准。