Assessing Urban Post-Earthquake Community Recovery to Inform Pre-Disaster Planning

评估城市震后社区恢复情况，为灾前规划提供信息

基本信息

批准号：
2053014
负责人：
Jack Baker
金额：
$ 30.94万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-11-01 至 2025-10-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2053014&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Assessing Urban Post Earthquake Community

项目摘要

Significant effort has been devoted to predicting physical damage to the built environment from disasters, but much less is understood about simulating disaster recovery, and how mitigation actions influence recovery. Further, it is well understood that there are existing socioeconomic inequalities in disaster risk and resilience. This Disaster Resilience Research Grants (DRRG) project aims to develop models to simulate housing and business operations recovery after a disaster. New insights will be gained into how a community's physical/demographic/economic characteristics interact in the recovery process. The models will be used to quantify a region's current ability to recover from disaster and evaluate the efficacy of actions that could be taken before disasters occur. Given the enormous costs of post-disaster disruption, and the significant resources committed for mitigation, insights on improving recovery will significantly benefit society, by improving disaster resilience and efficiently allocating limited societal resources to promote equity. Programs to involve underrepresented researchers, engage with city planners, and publicly release the modeling software will also contribute to the broader impacts of this work.This project will develop a new generation of high-resolution computational simulation tools for disaster recovery simulation, to support enhanced and more equitable housing recovery. High-resolution simulations of the built, natural, and human environment (including household and company behavior) will be combined with mechanisms to quantify the benefits of resilience-enhancing policies. The housing recovery will be jointly simulated with the recovery of infrastructure and businesses, constrained by the availability of resources and affected by socioeconomic factors. The recovery process of individual households will be simulated, providing great flexibility in examining results and assessing the benefits for different groups of resilience-enhancing policies. This work will enable a holistic understanding of the community recovery process after earthquakes. The research will advance our capabilities to assess, before a disaster, the extent to which disaster preparedness interventions can reduce initial disaster consequences, speed recovery, and ensure that all groups participate in the benefits. This project's deliverables will be a modeling framework for assessing post-earthquake recovery and case-study analysis of recovery in San Francisco.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人们投入了大量精力来预测灾难对建筑环境造成的物理损害，但对模拟灾难恢复以及缓解措施如何影响恢复的了解却少之又少。此外，众所周知，灾害风险和复原力方面存在社会经济不平等。该灾难恢复研究补助金 (DRRG) 项目旨在开发模型来模拟灾难后的住房和商业运营恢复。将获得关于社区的自然/人口/经济特征如何在恢复过程中相互作用的新见解。这些模型将用于量化一个地区当前从灾难中恢复的能力，并评估灾难发生前可以采取的行动的有效性。考虑到灾后破坏的巨大成本以及用于减灾的大量资源，通过提高抗灾能力和有效分配有限的社会资源以促进公平，改善恢复的见解将极大地造福社会。涉及代表性不足的研究人员、与城市规划者合作以及公开发布建模软件的计划也将有助于这项工作产生更广泛的影响。该项目将开发新一代用于灾难恢复模拟的高分辨率计算模拟工具，以支持增强的灾难恢复模拟工具。以及更公平的住房复苏。对建筑、自然和人类环境（包括家庭和公司行为）的高分辨率模拟将与量化增强复原力政策的效益的机制相结合。住房复苏将与基础设施和商业的复苏共同模拟，受到资源可用性的约束和社会经济因素的影响。各个家庭的恢复过程将被模拟，为检查结果和评估不同群体的韧性增强政策的效益提供了很大的灵活性。这项工作将使人们全面了解地震后的社区恢复过程。该研究将提高我们在灾难发生前评估备灾干预措施在多大程度上可以减少灾难初期后果、加快恢复速度并确保所有群体都受益的能力。该项目的可交付成果将成为评估旧金山震后恢复和恢复案例研究分析的建模框架。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。