RAPID: Determination of health risks and Status from SARS-CoV-2 Presence in Urban Water cycle

RAPID：确定城市水循环中 SARS-CoV-2 存在的健康风险和状况

• 批准号: 2029515
• 负责人: Ramesh Goel
• 金额: $ 12.37万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2029515&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Determination; health; risks; Status

COVID-19 has impacted human health on a global scale. Understanding the spread of COVID-19 is thus an urgent national need. This project addresses this need focusing on the urban wastewater treatment system. Wastewater generated by wash water and toilets is known to carry human pathogens. Thus, municipal wastewater represents an important pathway for human exposure to viruses like SARS-CoV2 (the coronavirus that causes COVID-19). The goal of this project is to determine if wastewater obtained from different municipal wastewater treatment plants and sewer lines harbors SARS-CoV2. A secondary goal is to use this information to understand the exposure risk to wastewater treatment plant workers and track community COVID-19 infections. This will be achieved by testing whether SARS-CoV2 (or its genetic material) is present in municipal wastewater. This information will be combined with data on other water quality parameters to establish correlations between SARS-CoV2 and wastewater quality. Results will help understand the risk of exposure to SARS-CoV2 in wastewater treatment plant operators. In addition, the results from this project have potential to be used as a rapid measure to track hotspots of COVID-19 in the community.COVID-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV2 has become a global pandemic, resulting in over a quarter million fatalities worldwide. Although SARS-CoV2 has some similarity to the virus SARS-CoV1 (a well-studied coronavirus responsible for a severe respiratory disease outbreak earlier this century), we still lack information needed to understand the survival and infectivity of this pathogen in municipal wastewater infrastructure. Municipal wastewater generated in kitchens and restrooms is known to carry human viral pathogens, thus representing a potential exposure pathway for humans. The goal of this project is to develop efficient techniques to extract and monitor SARS-CoV2 in wastewater. The secondary goal of this research is to understand human health risks associated with the presence of SARS-CoV2 in municipal wastewater influent and treated effluent. This will be achieved through three broad tasks to: (1) select biomarkers and develop methods for rapid and efficient extraction and analysis of SARS-CoV2 in wastewater; (2) sample wastewater treatment plants and distribution systems to determine spatial and temporal spread; and (3) develop a risk prediction model for exposure to SARS-CoV2. This project will generate data that can be used to develop health risk models for municipal wastewater treatment plant operators. Results generated from this project also hold promise to help epidemiologists and other health professionals to understand and predict COVID-19 outbreaks in the community. This project will expand the diversity of the Nation’s STEM workforce through the education and training of a female graduate student. Broader impacts to society include the potential development of early warning tools to detect the spread of human pathogens such as COVID-19.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

COVID-19 在全球范围内影响了人类健康。因此，该项目解决了这一需求，重点关注由洗涤水和厕所产生的废水。因此，城市用水是人类接触 SARS-CoV2（导致 COVID-19 的废物）等病毒的重要途径。该项目的目标是确定从不同城市废水处理厂和下水道管线中获得的废水是否存在。第二个目标是利用这些信息来了解废水处理厂工人的暴露风险并跟踪社区 COVID-19 感染，这将通过测试城市中是否存在 SARS-CoV2（或其遗传物质）来实现。该信息将与其他水质参数数据相结合，以建立 SARS-CoV2 与废水质量之间的相关性。此外，该结果将有助于了解废水处理厂运营商接触 SARS-CoV2 的风险。项目有潜力可用作追踪社区中 COVID-19 热点的快速措施。由冠状病毒 SARS-CoV2 引起的 COVID-19 已成为全球流行病，导致全球超过 25 万人死亡，尽管 SARS-CoV2 与此有一些相似之处。 SARS-CoV1（一种经过充分研究的冠状病毒，导致本世纪初严重的呼吸道疾病爆发），我们仍然缺乏了解这种病原体在厨房和厨房产生的城市废水中的生存和传染性所需的信息。众所周知，卫生间携带人类病毒病原体，因此是人类潜在的暴露途径。该项目的目标是开发提取和监测废水中 SARS-CoV2 的技术。该研究的第二个目标是了解有效的人类健康风险。这将通过三项主要任务来实现：(1) 选择生物标记物并开发快速有效地提取和分析废水中 SARS-CoV2 的方法； ） 样本废水处理厂和分配系统，以确定空间和时间传播；(3) 开发接触 SARS-CoV2 的风险预测模型，该项目将生成可用于为市政废水处理厂运营商开发健康风险模型的数据。该项目产生的结果也有望帮助流行病学家和其他卫生专业人员了解和预测社区中的 COVID-19 疫情。该项目将通过对女性研究生的教育和培训扩大国家 STEM 劳动力的多样性。对社会的影响包括潜在开发早期预警工具来检测人类病原体（例如 COVID-19）的传播。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 genes in water reclamation facilities: From influent to anaerobic digester

水回收设施中 SARS-CoV-2 基因的流行情况：从进水到厌氧消化池

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148905
• 发表时间: 2021-11-20
• 期刊: The Science of the Total Environment
• 作者: Bhattarai B;Sahulka SQ;Podder A;Hong S;Li H;Gilcrease E;Beams A;Steed R;Goel R
• 通讯作者: Goel R