CAREER: Linking canopy structure and function in plant water-use economy

职业：将植物用水经济中的冠层结构和功能联系起来

• 批准号: 2047628
• 负责人: Brian Bailey
• 金额: $ 66.06万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2047628&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Linking; canopy; structure; function

Rapidly changing climatic and socioeconomic conditions have necessitated a need for improved quantitative description and prediction of the associated response of plant system productivity. Current and predicted climatic conditions are characterized by increased magnitude or variability in heat and drought, which has the potential to threaten the productivity of natural and agricultural plant systems. Sustaining the steadily growing human population will require corresponding increases in the efficiency of agricultural systems. The overarching aim of this work is to better understand how light availability, plant architecture, and leaf surface temperature interact to determine the efficiency of plant systems with respect to input resources. In order to examine such processes, novel experimental and analytical techniques will be used that allow for measurement and prediction of interactions between plant structure and function in three dimensions. Educational activities associated with this project will produce a novel model/data visualization tool that will help to educate the next generation of plant scientists through outreach activities. New three-dimensional plant modeling software will be developed that will allow students to explore scientific questions related to plant-environment interactions in an immersive virtual environment. This project will engage and mentor students at the high-school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, and provide interdisciplinary training that spans the biological, engineering, and computer sciences. The water-related costs associated with CO2 uptake for photosynthesis are managed by plants in the short-term by varying the aperture of stomatal pores in response to environmental conditions to avoid excessive water loss and can also be augmented in the long-term by varying canopy architecture (e.g., leaf angle and area distributions) and underlying physiological function. A complete mechanistic theoretical basis that describes how plants simultaneously control stomatal aperture, canopy architecture, and physiological parameters in order to maximize carbon gain with respect to water loss has remained elusive, and represents a significant knowledge gap that has inhibited efforts to quantitatively describe plant responses to drought stress, and ultimately to predict plant responses to future climate scenarios characterized by elevated temperatures and precipitation variability. This project proposes to advance research and education in plant water-use efficiency by fusing novel experimental, modeling, and visualization techniques to better understand the roles of simultaneous variation in light, temperature, and canopy architecture in optimization of gas exchange by plants across spatial and temporal scales. Experimental research will span leaf to whole-plant scales, and from a controlled environment to natural landscapes that traverse a gradient in temperature and precipitation. High-fidelity functional-structural plant models will be used to facilitate theoretical analyses that complement experimental data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

快速变化的气候和社会经济状况需要改善定量描述和对植物系统生产率相关反应的预测。当前和预测的气候条件的特征是热量和干旱的幅度或变化增加，这有可能威胁自然和农业植物系统的生产力。维持稳定增长的人口将需要相应的农业系统效率提高。这项工作的总体目的是更好地了解光的可用性，植物建筑和叶片表面温度如何相互作用，以确定植物系统在输入资源方面的效率。为了检查此类过程，将使用新型的实验和分析技术，以测量和预测植物结构与功能之间三维之间的相互作用。与该项目相关的教育活动将产生一种新颖的模型/数据可视化工具，该工具将通过外展活动有助于教育下一代植物科学家。将开发新的三维植物建模软件，该软件将使学生能够在身临其境的虚拟环境中探索与植物环境相互作用有关的科学问题。该项目将在高中，本科和研究生级别吸引和指导学生，并提供跨学科培训，以涵盖生物，工程和计算机科学。与二氧化碳吸收相关的光合作用相关的成本在短期内由植物管理，方法是通过改变气孔孔的孔径，响应环境条件，以避免过多的水分流失，并且也可以通过不同的冠层结构（例如，叶片侧面和区域分布）（例如，叶片角度和区域分布）和下层的生理功能来长期增强。一个完整的机械理论基础，描述植物如何同时控制气孔孔径，冠层结构和生理参数，以最大程度地利用碳增益，从而使碳的增益最大化，这仍然是难以捉摸的，并且代表了一个重要的知识差距，这是一种抑制了对植物压力的定量植物反应，以对干旱的变化进行定量的植物反应，以对未来的气氛变化，并以未来的气氛变化来描述植物的变化。该项目建议通过融合新颖的实验，建模和可视化技术来更好地了解植物水利用效率的研究和教育，以更好地了解同时变化在光，温度和冠层结构中在空间和时间尺度上通过植物跨植物优化气体交换的作用。实验研究将跨越叶片到全植物尺度，从受控环境到自然景观，这些景观遍及温度和降水梯度。高保真功能结构的植物模型将用于促进相辅相成的实验数据的理论分析。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

The probability distribution of absorbed direct, diffuse, and scattered radiation in plant canopies with varying structure

不同结构植物冠层吸收的直接、漫射和散射辐射的概率分布

• DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109009
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Bailey, Brian N.;Fu, Kaiming
• 通讯作者: Fu, Kaiming