CAREER: Non-Adiabatic Effects in Dense Plasmas

职业：致密等离子体中的非绝热效应

基本信息

批准号：
2045718
负责人：
Thomas White
金额：
$ 75.38万
依托单位：
Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-02-15 至 2026-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2045718&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Non Adiabatic Effects Dense

项目摘要

This CAREER award supports exploration of some of the most extreme states of matter we know to exist in the universe and can probe in a laboratory setting. All visible matter is made up of two components, heavy nuclei surrounded by much lighter electrons. The slow-moving nuclei are often assumed to respond weakly to the electrons hurtling around them. This premise is the cornerstone of modern simulation techniques in both physics and chemistry. However, extreme environments, such as in the center of planets and stars, create incredibly hot dense matter. This results in fast-moving electrons that begin to strongly interact with the slow-moving nuclei, challenging previous assumptions. This award supports experimental work at some of the world's largest lasers, including the National Ignition Facility - the world's most energetic laser. The harsh astrophysical conditions will be recreated on Earth to measure the nuclei dynamics in regimes where data is scarce. Measurements of fundamental quantities, including particle diffusion and sound speed, will be used to validate state-of-the-art quantum mechanical simulations. The project will help train the next generation of scientists by offering education and research opportunities to the global plasma community. The education and outreach will focus on providing underrepresented students access to and training in high-performance computing techniques.Simulations of dense plasmas typically employ the adiabatic approximation, usually justified through the disparate energy scales of the electron and ion motion. The electrons are assumed to instantaneously adjust to the ion fields, while the ions are confined to a single adiabatic surface. Recent approaches that go beyond this approximation have led to significant differences in the predictions of plasma properties, with a dearth of experimental measurements preventing discrimination between competing models. This research program will employ a new experimental platform, developed for the Omega and NIF laser facilities, to perform the first measurement of diffusion in the warm dense matter regime. This platform will employ Fresnel Diffractive Radiography, a novel diagnostic technique for laser-driven X-rays that measures the slow, diffusion-driven changes in density gradients with exceptional spatial resolution. The experimental work is supported by predictions of the diffusion coefficient using new advanced simulations that incorporate the electron dynamics within a complex, quantum-mechanical framework. These simulations will be conducted by undergraduate students and performed with support from the University of Nevada, Reno High-Performance Computing team. The primary research goal is to clearly discriminate between plasma models with fundamentally different approaches to non-adiabaticity. This project is jointly funded by the Division of Physics and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该职业奖支持探索我们所知道的一些最极端的物质状态，并且可以在实验室环境中进行调查。所有可见的物质均由两个组件组成，这些组件被重的核包围，被较轻的电子包围。通常认为缓慢移动的核对周围的电子响应较弱。这个前提是物理和化学中现代模拟技术的基石。但是，极端环境，例如在行星和恒星的中心，会产生令人难以置信的热密度。这导致快速移动的电子开始与缓慢移动的核强烈相互作用，从而挑战了先前的假设。该奖项支持世界上一些最大的激光器的实验性工作，包括世界上最有活力的激光器。恶劣的天体物理条件将在地球上重新创建，以测量数据稀缺的制度中的核动力学。基本数量的测量（包括粒子扩散和声速）将用于验证最新的量子机械模拟。该项目将通过向全球等离子体社区提供教育和研究机会来帮助培训下一代科学家。教育和外展活动将着重于提供代表性不足的学生获得高性能计算技术的访问和培训。密集的等离子体的模拟通常采用绝热近似，通常是通过电子和离子运动的不同能量尺度证明的。假定电子即时调整到离子场，而离子仅限于单个绝热表面。超出这种近似值的最新方法导致了血浆性质预测的显着差异，并且缺乏实验测量，从而阻止了竞争模型之间的歧视。该研究计划将采用一个为欧米茄和NIF激光设施开发的新实验平台，以在温暖的密集物质制度中进行第一次测量扩散。该平台将采用菲涅尔衍射射线照相术，这是一种针对激光驱动的X射线的新型诊断技术，可测量具有特殊空间分辨率的密度梯度的缓慢，扩散驱动的变化。实验性工作得到了对扩散系数的预测，使用新的高级模拟将电子动力学纳入复杂的量子机械框架中。这些模拟将由本科生进行，并在内华达大学里诺高性能计算团队的支持下进行。主要的研究目标是清楚地区分具有根本不同的非绝热方法的血浆模型。该项目由物理部和启发竞争研究的既定计划共同资助。本奖反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估评估标准通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Insensitivity of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo to initial conditions

湍流激光等离子体发电机对初始条件的不敏感性

DOI：
10.1063/5.0084345
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Matter and Radiation at Extremes
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Bott, A. F.;Chen, L.;Tzeferacos, P.;Palmer, C. A.;Bell, A. R.;Bingham, R.;Birkel, A.;Froula, D. H.;Katz, J.;Kunz, M. W.
通讯作者：
Kunz, M. W.

Disentangling the effects of non-adiabatic interactions upon ion self-diffusion within warm dense hydrogen

DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2023.0034
发表时间：
2023-08-21
期刊：
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
影响因子：
5
作者：
Angermeier, William A.;Scheiner, Brett S.;White, Thomas G.
通讯作者：
White, Thomas G.

Diffraction enhanced imaging utilizing a laser produced x-ray source

利用激光产生的 X 射线源进行衍射增强成像

DOI：
10.1063/5.0091348
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Review of Scientific Instruments
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Oliver, M.;Allen, C. H.;Divol, L.;Karmiol, Z.;Landen, O. L.;Ping, Y.;Wallace, R.;Schölmerich, M.;Theobald, W.;Döppner, T.
通讯作者：
Döppner, T.

A molecular dynamics study of laser-excited gold