LTER: The Changing Nature of Cities: Ecological and Social Dynamics in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Urban Ecosystem

LTER：城市性质的变化：明尼阿波利斯-圣路易斯的生态和社会动态

• 批准号: 2045382
• 负责人: Sarah Hobbie
• 金额: $ 712.62万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-15 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2045382&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTER; Changing; Nature; Cities; Ecological

While cities often conjure images of buildings, parking lots, and streets, they are also home to diverse kinds of nature, in parks, yards, gardens, lakes, streams, and the like. This diverse urban nature is important habitat for many types of plants and wildlife, and is affected by a variety of stressors, ranging from toxic pollutants, to pests, habitat fragmentation, and climate change. Urban nature, in all its diversity, is also critically important to urban residents, providing numerous potential benefits, ranging from aesthetic and health-related, to climate control and recreational opportunities. However, these benefits are not equally accessible to everyone. This project will explore how urban residents and urban nature interact with one another and respond to ongoing rapid environmental and social change. The ultimate goal is to figure out ways that environmental outcomes can be improved for all people living in the city. Researchers will work with education specialists from the Bell Museum to help middle school students and teachers learn and teach about science, using their own schoolyards as natural classrooms. Researchers will also nurture new university-community partnerships to better understand the factors contributing to social disparities in human relationships with urban nature and to learn about approaches to address those disparities.The Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) Urban Long-Term Ecological Research Program (LTER) aims to determine the long-term coupled dynamics of urban nature and the urban social system in the face of rapid environmental and social change. The project examines this coupling across organizational scales of urban nature from diverse organisms in habitat patches, to stream and stormwater drainage networks, to landscapes with abundant surface water. The project likewise examines human-nature coupling at multiple scales in the urban social system, from diverse individuals acting in groups in numerous municipalities to complex governance systems and institutions at the metropolitan region. Specifically, the research addresses how biodiversity at the organism to habitat patch scales, and habitat fragmentation and connectivity mediate long-term responses of ecological structure and function to urban stressors such as toxins, pests, pathogens, and climate change. The research further explores how configuration and connectivity of urban nature habitat patches and impervious cover at the drainage network and landscape scales influence long-term hydrology, urban climate, and water quality. Researchers will determine how ecological, hydrological, and climate processes of urban nature create benefits and burdens for diverse human communities over time, and in turn how governance, policy, and practice can change to improve equity of urban nature decisions. Finally, the project will explore how the long-term process of growing inclusive relationships, especially with communities of Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color, for knowledge creation and practice, change scientific and community outcomes in the urban ecosystem. By advancing understanding of how pollutants, biodiversity, land cover, habitat fragmentation, and drainage network properties affect urban nature processes in the face of environmental and social change, research will test whether ecological theories developed in non-urban ecosystems can predict patterns and processes in highly modified and managed urban systems. The project will shed light on patterns of social disparities in human relationships with urban nature and how such disparities can be addressed through institutional and policy change and greater inclusivity in long-term research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

虽然城市经常想到建筑物，停车场和街道的图像，但它们也是多种自然的家园，在公园，院子，花园，湖泊，溪流等中。这种多样化的城市性质对于多种类型的植物和野生动植物来说是重要的栖息地，并且受到各种压力源的影响，从有毒污染物到害虫，栖息地破碎和气候变化。城市性质在各种多样性上对城市居民也至关重要，从审美和健康相关，到气候控制和娱乐机会，提供了许多潜在的好处。但是，这些好处并不是每个人都同样获得的。该项目将探讨城市居民和城市自然如何相互互动，并响应持续的快速环境和社会变革。最终目标是弄清楚居住在城市中的所有人都可以改善环境成果的方法。研究人员将与贝尔博物馆的教育专家合作，以使用自己的校园作为天然教室来帮助中学生和老师学习和教学科学。研究人员还将培养新的大学社区伙伴关系，以更好地了解导致人类与城市性质关系的社会差异的因素，并了解解决这些差异的方法。 Paul（MSP）城市长期生态研究计划（LTER）旨在在面对快速环境和社会变革的情况下确定城市自然和城市社会体系的长期耦合动态。该项目研究了城市性质的组织尺度的这种耦合，从栖息地中的各种生物到溪流和雨水排水网络，再到拥有丰富地表水的景观。该项目同样研究城市社会体系中多个量表的人类天性耦合，从各个城市中的各个人物到大都市地区的复杂治理体系和机构。具体而言，该研究探讨了生物体对栖息地量表的生物多样性如何介导生态结构和功能对城市压力因子（例如毒素，害虫，病原体和气候变化）的长期反应。该研究进一步探讨了城市自然栖息地斑块的配置和连通性如何以及排水网络和景观量表不透水的覆盖能力影响长期的水文学，城市气候和水质。研究人员将确定城市性质的生态，水文和气候过程如何随着时间的流逝为各种人类社区创造好处和负担，进而为人的治理，政策和实践如何改变以提高城市自然决策的公平性。最后，该项目将探讨如何建立包容性关系的长期过程，尤其是在黑人，土著和其他有色人种的社区中，以创造知识和实践，改变城市生态系统中的科学和社区成果。通过促进对污染物，生物多样性，土地覆盖，栖息地分裂和排水网络特性如何影响城市自然过程的环境和社会变化，研究将测试在非城市生态系统中开发的生态理论是否可以预测高度改良和托管的城市系统中的模式和过程。该项目将揭示人类与城市性质关系中社会差异的模式，以及如何通过机构和政策变化解决这些差异，以及在长期研究中的更大包容性。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Urban forest canopy cover, vegetation, and site characteristics, Twin Cities Metro Area, 2022.

城市森林冠层覆盖、植被和场地特征，双城都会区，2022 年。

• DOI: 10.6073/pasta/166a4b954ecaaabcda75bd51004804a5
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Data Initiative
• 作者: Marcilio da Silva, Vinicius;Donovan, Sally;Hobbie, Sarah;Cavender-Bares, Jeannine;Knight, Joseph;Paul, Minneapolis-St. Long
• 通讯作者: Paul, Minneapolis-St. Long

Bias of stormwater infiltration measurement methods evaluated using numerical experiments

使用数值实验评估雨水渗透测量方法的偏差

• DOI: 10.1002/vzj2.20210
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Vadose Zone Journal
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Tecca, Nicholas P.;Nieber, John;Gulliver, John
• 通讯作者: Gulliver, John

Finding, distinguishing, and understanding overlooked policy entrepreneurs

寻找、区分和理解被忽视的政策企业家

• DOI: 10.1007/s11077-023-09515-4
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Policy Sciences
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: Arnold, Gwen;Klasic, Meghan;Wu, Changtong;Schomburg, Madeline;York, Abigail
• 通讯作者: York, Abigail

Classifying Mixing Regimes in Ponds and Shallow Lakes

对池塘和浅湖的混合状况进行分类

• DOI: 10.1029/2022wr032522
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Water Resources Research
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Holgerson, Meredith A.;Richardson, David C.;Roith, Joseph;Bortolotti, Lauren E.;Finlay, Kerri;Hornbach, Daniel J.;Gurung, Kshitij;Ness, Andrew;Andersen, Mikkel R.;Bansal, Sheel
• 通讯作者: Bansal, Sheel

Hydrologic processes regulate nutrient retention in stormwater detention ponds

水文过程调节雨水滞留池的养分保留

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153722
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Science of The Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Janke, Benjamin D.;Finlay, Jacques C.;Taguchi, Vinicius J.;Gulliver, John S.
• 通讯作者: Gulliver, John S.