Collaborative Research: Using hiatus durations to quantify the tempo of Deccan volcanism

合作研究：利用间歇期来量化德干火山活动的速度

• 批准号: 2016763
• 负责人: Courtney Sprain
• 金额: $ 28.93万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2016763&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; hiatus; durations

The Deccan Traps of India is one of the largest volcanic provinces in the world, and its eruption occurred over a few million years across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, when the non-avian dinosaurs and many other species went extinct. The potential role of Deccan volcanism in the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction is a subject of great scientific debate, and depends critically on the eruption rate leading up to the mass extinction. This project will provide constraints on the hiatus between eruptions. The hiatus will be estimated by a combination of cosmogenic exposure dating by applying 3He measurements and paleomagnetic secular variation. A better understanding of the eruption rates of Deccan Traps lavas will impact multiple disciplines, including volcanology, paleoclimatology, and paleontology. In addition, the proposed work will support two early-career women as PIs and build STEM talent through the education and training of two graduate students and two undergraduate students. A wide audience shall be engaged through a multi-year outreach initiative with the Cooperative Extension Service that builds on the successful DIG box program developed at the Burke Museum. This project will constrain the hiatus between eruptions of the Deccan Traps large igneous province in India. A novel combination of cosmogenic 3He and paleomagnetic observations will be utilized to provide 100-10,000 year resolution, which is currently inaccessible using direct chronometers. This resolution is crucial for assessing the Earth system response to Deccan volcanism in the lead up to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (KPg) mass extinction. Moreover, higher resolution records of hiatus durations are necessary to assess whether eruption pacing in the Deccan Traps changed over its lifespan, and in particular to test hypotheses for why a state shift in the composition, morphology, and eruptive volume of Deccan lavas occurs coincident with the KPg boundary. The successful demonstration of this combined approach in the Deccan Traps will provide a framework to quantify hiatus durations in other large igneous provinces and other types of volcanic provinces. The proposed work will support two early-career women who are new Principal Investigators and enhance STEM development through the education and training of two graduate students and two undergraduate students. A multi-year outreach initiative with the Cooperative Extension Service that builds on the successful DIG box program developed at the Burke Museum constitutes a strong outreach component to the study..This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

印度的德干地盾是世界上最大的火山省之一，它的喷发发生在白垩纪-古近纪边界的几百万年里，当时非鸟类恐龙和许多其他物种灭绝了。德干火山活动在白垩纪-古近纪大规模灭绝中的潜在作用是一个备受科学争论的话题，并且很大程度上取决于导致大规模灭绝的喷发率。该项目将为火山喷发之间的间歇期提供限制。该间断将通过应用 3He 测量和古地磁长期变化进行宇宙成因暴露测年相结合来估计。更好地了解德干地盾熔岩的喷发率将影响多个学科，包括火山学、古气候学和古生物学。此外，拟议的工作将支持两名职业早期女性担任 PI，并通过教育和培训两名研究生和两名本科生来培养 STEM 人才。广泛的受众将通过合作推广服务的多年外展活动来参与，该活动建立在伯克博物馆成功开发的 DIG 盒子计划的基础上。该项目将限制印度德干地盾大型火成岩省喷发的间歇期。宇宙成因 3He 和古地磁观测的新颖组合将用于提供 100-10,000 年的分辨率，这是目前使用直接天文钟无法达到的。该分辨率对于评估白垩纪-古近纪（KPg）大规模灭绝之前地球系统对德干火山活动的反应至关重要。此外，需要更高分辨率的间断持续时间记录来评估德干地盾的喷发节奏在其生命周期内是否发生变化，特别是检验为什么德干熔岩的成分、形态和喷发量的状态变化与KPg 边界。这种组合方法在德干地盾的成功示范将为量化其他大型火成岩省和其他类型火山省的间断持续时间提供一个框架。拟议的工作将为两名新任首席研究员的职业生涯早期女性提供支持，并通过教育和培训两名研究生和两名本科生来促进 STEM 发展。与合作推广服务机构合作开展的一项多年外展计划建立在伯克博物馆成功开发的 DIG 盒子计划的基础上，构成了该研究的一个强有力的外展组成部分。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用评估结果被认为值得支持。基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。