Collaborative Research: Leveraging historical collections and new surveys to characterize foundational shifts in vital symbioses in the threatened Arctic

合作研究：利用历史收藏和新调查来描述受威胁的北极地区重要共生关系的根本性变化

基本信息

批准号：
2031928
负责人：
Barnabas Daru
金额：
$ 14.37万
依托单位：
Texas A&M University Corpus Christi
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-11-01 至 2023-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031928&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Leveraging historical collections

项目摘要

All living things on Earth, and the environments that sustain them, are shaped by symbiotic interactions. These interactions are important worldwide, but they are especially vital for organisms that live in extreme environments such as the terrestrial Arctic, where diverse but understudied symbiotic fungi (fungal endophytes) live inside the healthy plants and lichens that drive ecosystem processes. Fungal endophytes are hyperdiverse and represent a large fraction of Earth’s undiscovered fungal biodiversity. They are important in shaping their hosts’ responses to environmental stresses, including those intrinsic to the Arctic as well as the rapid and pervasive environmental changes associated with the warming of our planet. This project will discover and chart the diversity of fungal endophytes in iconic plants and lichens of the Arctic, provide information on how communities of endophytes have changed over time, and test predictions about how symbiotic communities are sensitive to environmental factors, with implications for understanding biodiversity dynamics in the vast Arctic region and beyond. The scientific aims of the project parallel a commitment to inclusively training and diversifying the next generation of biodiversity scientists while contributing broadly to science, education, and society. Overall the project will provide new insight into the biological resources of the North American Arctic by discovering diversity, tracking its environmental sensitivity over broad geographic, environmental, and temporal scales, and contributing to training, education, and outreach relevant to strengthening national resources in STEM.The research team will conduct two field campaigns to test predictions regarding endophyte diversity, community composition, and distributions along transects that span all major Arctic subzones in eastern and western North America. Endophyte communities will be detected in representative plants and lichens via culture-based and culture-free, next-generation sequencing approaches. Field- and specimen-related data from these field collections will be contextualized by surveys of endophytes in herbarium specimens of plants and lichens collected over the past 100 years at these same sites, leveraging a recently validated approach for accessing endophyte communities in preserved host tissues. DNA sequences for newly discovered endophytes will be integrated into new tools for mapping Earth’s evolutionary history and biodiversity, with a framework based on more than 20 years of global sampling. Finally, genomic, phylogenomic, and population-genomic analyses will be used to explore diversification of endophytes and related fungi, with a focus on the most diverse lineages that engage in these important symbioses. Through these endeavors the project will generate and make public diverse new data, biodiversity informatics tools, protocols, specimens, outreach activities, educational modules, and training relevant to a wide array of disciplines.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球上的所有生物以及维持它们的环境都是由共生互动塑造的。这些相互作用在全球范围内都是重要的，但是对于生活在陆地北极等极端环境中的生物来说，它们尤其重要，那里的潜水员却理解共生真菌（真菌内生菌）生活在健康的植物和lichens中，这些植物和遍布生态系统过程。真菌内生菌是超多物质，代表着地球未发现的真菌生物多样性的很大一部分。它们对于塑造宿主对环境压力的反应很重要，包括北极固有的，以及与我们星球变暖有关的快速而普遍的环境变化。该项目将发现并绘制标志性植物和北极地衣的真菌内生菌的多样性，提供有关内生植物社区如何随着时间而变化的信息，并测试有关共生群落对环境因素敏感的预测，以及如何理解广阔北极地区和超越北极地区的生物多样性动力学。该项目的科学目的是对包容训练和多样化的下一代生物多样性科学家的承诺，同时为科学，教育和社会做出了广泛的贡献。总体而言，该项目将通过发现多样性，跟踪其对广泛的地理，环境和临时尺度的环境敏感性，并为培训，教育和外向提供与加强STEM中的国家资源相关的培训，教育和外界的贡献。北美。内生菌社区将通过基于培养和无文化的下一代测序方法在代表性的植物和地衣中检测到。这些田间收集的现场和标本相关数据将通过在过去100年在这些相同地点收集的植物和地衣的内生菌的调查来对其进行上下文，从而利用了最近经过验证的方法来访问保存的宿主组织中的内生植物群落。新发现的内生菌的DNA序列将集成到绘制地球进化历史和生物多样性的新工具中，并建立基于20多年的全球抽样的框架。最后，基因组，系统切开术和种群基因组分析将用于探索内生植物和相关真菌的多样化，重点关注从事这些重要符号的最多潜水谱系。通过这些努力，该项目将产生并使公共多样性新数据，生物多样性信息工具，协议，标本，外展活动，教育模块以及与各种学科相关的培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是宝贵的支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Woody plant phylogenetic diversity supports nature's contributions to people but is at risk from human population growth

木本植物系统发育多样性支持自然对人类的贡献，但面临人口增长的风险

DOI：
10.1111/conl.12914
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Conservation Letters
影响因子：
8.5
作者：
Davies, T. Jonathan;Maurin, Olivier;Yessoufou, Kowiyou;Daru, Barnabas H.;Bezeng, Bezeng S.;Mankga, Ledile T.;Schaefer, Hanno;Thuiller, Wilfried;van der Bank, Michelle
通讯作者：
van der Bank, Michelle

Mass production of unvouchered records fails to represent global biodiversity patterns