Quantum/Classical Boundaries in Matter-Wave Solitons

物质波孤子中的量子/经典边界

基本信息

批准号：
2011829
负责人：
Randall Hulet
金额：
$ 53.64万
依托单位：
William Marsh Rice University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-15 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2011829&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Quantum Classical Boundaries Matter Wave

项目摘要

General audience abstract: Physicists have found that quantum mechanics works perfectly to describe the micro-world of single or small numbers of electrons, protons, or atoms. Quantum correlations in these small systems, known as “quantum entanglement,” are the primary attribute driving the quest to realize quantum computation. For a quantum computer to exhibit an advantage over an ordinary classical computer, however, the number of entangled particles must be large, thus presenting obstacles, both technical and fundamental, to their implementation. NSF-funded graduate student researchers will perform experiments that explore the limits of quantum entanglement in the largest systems to date using self-stabilizing wavepackets of atoms, known as solitons. Although large for a quantum system, containing as many as 10,000 atoms, solitons confined to a one-dimensional line are bestowed with a special robustness that makes them ideal for exploring how far quantum physics may be extended into the macro-world. These experiments will help us understand the quantum/classical boundary, and how it may be extended to even larger systems. By performing these experiments, graduate students, several from underrepresented groups, learn the methods of experimental atomic physics in a state-of-the-art laboratory, gaining expertise that will follow them in their careers in academia, government, or industry. Technical audience abstract:Solitons are dispersion-less excitations that arise in nonlinear systems. They are found both in classical and quantum wave phenomena, such as waves propagating in water, plasmas, optical fibers, and in matter waves to name just a few examples. Solitons are one of the few non-trivial systems that are described by an exactly integrable model. The researchers will continue their experimental investigation of bright matter-wave solitons produced from Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive interactions, and specifically, they will explore the role of integrability in determining the quantum/classical boundary. Recent theory predicts that integrability will protect a macro/mesoscopic object from decoherence, and can lead to the observation of effects that are manifestly quantum in objects expected to be best described by mean-field theories. By harnessing integrability, the effects of quantum fluctuations and quantum entanglement may be extended to systems with a large number of degrees of freedom, and which are large in physical size. The research team has two specific goals: 1) to observe the integrability-breaking effect of quantum fluctuations on the binding of a higher-order soliton breather and 2) to study the fast and slow collision regimes of a fundamental soliton interacting with a repulsive barrier made from a light sheet, and to exploit this geometry to realize a matter-wave soliton interferometer.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

普通观众摘要：物理学家发现量子力学可以完美地描述这些小系统中单个或少量电子、质子或原子的微观世界，称为“量子纠缠”，是驱动的主要属性。然而，要实现量子计算，量子计算机要表现出优于普通经典计算机的优势，纠缠粒子的数量必须很大，这给 NSF 资助的研究生的实施带来了技术和基础上的障碍。研究人员将使用原子自稳定波包（称为孤子）进行实验，探索迄今为止最大的系统中量子纠缠的极限。虽然对于包含多达 10,000 个原子的量子系统来说，孤子很大，但孤子仅限于一维。线被赋予了特殊的鲁棒性，使它们成为探索量子物理可以扩展到宏观世界的理想选择，这些实验将帮助我们理解量子/经典边界，以及如何将其扩展到更大的范围。通过进行这些实验，研究生（其中一些来自代表性不足的群体）在最先进的实验室中学习实验原子物理学的方法，获得专业知识，这些知识将跟随他们在学术界、政府或工业界的职业生涯。技术受众摘要：孤子是非线性系统中出现的无色散激发，它们存在于经典波现象和量子波现象中，例如在水、等离子体、光纤和物质波中传播的波，仅举几个例子。孤子是由精确可积模型描述的少数非平凡系统之一，研究人员将继续对由具有吸引相互作用的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体产生的明亮物质波孤子进行实验研究，具体来说，他们将探索其作用。最近的理论预测，可积性将保护宏观/介观物体免于退相干，并且可以导致观察到物体中明显的量子效应。预计通过利用可积性，量子涨落和量子纠缠的效应可以扩展到具有大量自由度且物理尺寸较大的系统。具体目标：1) 观察量子涨落对高阶孤子呼吸者结合的可积破坏效应；2) 研究基本孤子与排斥势垒相互作用的快速和慢速碰撞机制该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Spin-charge separation in a one-dimensional Fermi gas with tunable interactions

具有可调相互作用的一维费米气体中的自旋电荷分离

DOI：
发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
Science
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Senaratne, Ruwan;Cavazos;Wang, Sheng;He, Feng;Chang, Ya;Kafle, Aashish;Pu, Han;Guan, Xi;Hulet, Randall G.
通讯作者：
Hulet, Randall G.

Quantum Simulators: Architectures and Opportunities

量子模拟器：架构和机遇

DOI：
10.1103/prxquantum.2.017003
发表时间：
2021-02
期刊：
PRX Quantum
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Altman, Ehud;Brown, Kenneth R.;Carleo, Giuseppe;Carr, Lincoln D.;Demler, Eugene;Chin, Cheng;DeMarco, Brian;Economou, Sophia E.;Eriksson, Mark A.;Fu, Kai;et al
通讯作者：
et al

Creation and Characterization of Matter-Wave Breathers

物质波呼吸器的创造和表征

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.125.183902
发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
Physical Review Letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Luo, D.;Jin, Y.;Nguyen, J. H. V.;Malomed, B. A.;Marchukov, O. V.;Yurovsky, V. A.;Dunjko, V.;Olshanii, M.;Hulet, R. G.
通讯作者：
Hulet, R. G.