Biological Self Assembly: Tissue Mechanics of the Spongy Mesophyll in Flowers

生物自组装：花中海绵状叶肉的组织力学

• 批准号: 2029756
• 负责人: Corey O'Hern
• 金额: $ 68.97万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-11-01 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2029756&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biological; Self; Assembly; Tissue; Mechanics

This research will improve our understanding of cells and tissues in flowering plants. More specifically, this work will reveal how the structural properties of the interior tissue, or mesophyll, of flower petals vary across species. This is important because different species of plants use the same building blocks to generate radically different structures. The knowledge gained from the experiments and computational models created in this work can aid in the development of new materials that self-assemble and have specific tunable properties and mechanical responses. This work also includes several education and outreach activities. These include mentoring under-represented minority high school and first-generation low-income undergraduate students in summer research, developing a course module on computational analysis of microscopy images of plant tissue, and organizing mini-symposia at scientific meetings that bring together plant biologists and engineers who study the structural and mechanical properties of plant tissue. Because of the shared interests, funding is split between the division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) and the division of Integrative Organismal Systems (IOS).Biomimicry is the study of physiological traits in the natural world to inspire the creation of novel materials and designs. While biomimetic materials take advantage of a single biological property, designs rarely focus on the tunability and diversity of biological structures. For example, the angiosperms, or flowering plants, are one of the most dominant and diverse existing terrestrial plant groups on Earth, and their success has largely been attributed to the evolution of flowers as reproductive organs. Flower petals in particular vary widely among the angiosperms, but how these structures develop and differ from species to species is largely unknown. Using high-resolution micro-computed tomography, the studies will show how the structural properties of the interior tissue, or mesophyll, of flower petals vary across species. Computer simulations of mesophyll self-assembly using a novel three-dimensional deformable particle model will also be carried out to determine whether changes in a few key biophysical parameters can generate a broad array of different tissue-level structures. These combined experimental and computational studies represent one of the first investigations into how simple biophysical rules can explain the development and diversity of complex, three-dimensional plant tissue. These results will reveal fundamental design principles for petal mesophyll tissue, which in turn will enable the design of novel, porous materials with tunable mechanical and structural properties.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将增进我们对开花植物细胞和组织的了解。 更具体地说，这项工作将揭示花瓣内部组织或叶肉的结构特性如何因物种而异。 这很重要，因为不同种类的植物使用相同的构建块来生成完全不同的结构。 从这项工作中创建的实验和计算模型中获得的知识可以帮助开发自组装并具有特定可调特性和机械响应的新材料。这项工作还包括多项教育和外展活动。 其中包括指导代表性不足的少数族裔高中生和第一代低收入本科生进行暑期研究，开发植物组织显微图像计算分析的课程模块，以及在科学会议上组织小型研讨会，将植物生物学家和研究植物组织的结构和机械特性的工程师。由于共同的利益，资金被分配给土木、机械和制造创新（CMMI）部门和综合有机系统（IOS）部门。仿生学是对自然世界中的生理特征的研究，以激发新颖的创造材料和设计。虽然仿生材料利用单一的生物特性，但设计很少关注生物结构的可调性和多样性。例如，被子植物或开花植物是地球上现有的最主要和最多样化的陆地植物群之一，它们的成功很大程度上归功于花作为生殖器官的进化。尤其是被子植物的花瓣差异很大，但这些结构如何发育以及不同物种之间的差异很大程度上是未知的。这些研究将利用高分辨率微型计算机断层扫描技术，展示花瓣内部组织或叶肉的结构特性如何因物种而异。还将使用新型三维可变形粒子模型对叶肉自组装进行计算机模拟，以确定一些关键生物物理参数的变化是否可以产生广泛的不同组织水平结构。这些实验和计算相结合的研究代表了关于简单的生物物理规则如何解释复杂的三维植物组织的发育和多样性的首批研究之一。这些结果将揭示花瓣叶肉组织的基本设计原理，从而能够设计出具有可调机械和结构性能的新型多孔材料。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识产权进行评估，被认为值得支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Reintegrating Biology Through the Nexus of Energy, Information, and Matter

通过能量、信息和物质的联系重新整合生物学

• DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab174
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Integrative and Comparative Biology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Hoke, Kim L;Zimmer, Sara L;Roddy, Adam B;Ondrechen, Mary Jo;Williamson, Craig E;Buan, Nicole R
• 通讯作者: Buan, Nicole R

Localized growth and remodelling drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis

• DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0602
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: Journal of the Royal Society Interface
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: J. Treado;A. Roddy;Guillaume Théroux-Rancourt;Liyong Zhang;C. Ambrose;C. Brodersen;M. Shattuck;C. O’Hern

Rethinking economic theories of plant water use

• DOI: 10.1007/s12038-023-00350-6
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Journal of Biosciences
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: A. Roddy