Bioengineering in Microgravity Workshop; International Space Station US National Laboratory Virtual Symposium

微重力生物工程研讨会；

• 批准号: 2028635
• 负责人: Marcello Giulianotti
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: Center for the Advancement of Science in Space, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-15 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2028635&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Bioengineering; Microgravity; Workshop; International; Space; Bioengineering; Microgravity; Workshop; International; Space

This award will support research that will contribute new knowledge related to bioengineering in Space. The International Space Station US National Laboratory will host a Virtual Symposium to strategically partner with approximately 50 diverse scientists, engineers, and clinicians. This collaboration will leverage their translational expertise to accelerate the understanding of fundamental science that could lead to biomedical breakthroughs by studying biological phenomena in Low Earth Orbit. The goals of the Symposium are: 1) to leverage translational expertise from scientists, engineers, and clinicians to accelerate our understanding of how biomedical breakthroughs can be developed or tested in space (low earth orbit); 2) produce a written document detailing the results of the discussions. Specifically, this document will identify research areas and findings to propel thought leadership of the low earth orbit environment, and how this work could ultimately lead to clinical translation. This is work for the betterment of humankind and could have significant benefits to the US economy. The ability to perform research in a microgravity environment provides unprecedented opportunities for fundamental research. Under the umbrella of Regenerative Medicine, four focus areas for the Symposium have been identified: Stem cells; Biofabrication and 3D bioprinting; Organoids/microphysiological systems; Artificial intelligence (AI) and Robotics. Removing the effects of gravity has contributed significantly to the collective fundamental knowledge of cellular behavior, cell-cell interactions, tissue development and regeneration, as well as the aggregate interactions in the context of a whole organism. Pioneering bioengineering experiments on the International Space Station coupled with ground-based studies have demonstrated that microgravity enables the study of novel features not attainable under unit gravity conditions. These include changes to stem cell proliferation rates and differentiation. Printing biological tissues in microgravity also promises advantages in the use of lower-viscosity biomaterials or bioinks and the ability to fabricate diaphanous, intricate structures. These processes are heavily reliant on biomechanical and mechanobiological cues that are affected by the gravitational field. In this way, the International Space Station provides an unprecedented opportunity to advance fundamental research in biomechanics and mechanobiology. The participants of this interdisciplinary workshop will be tasked with determining and then publicly disseminating the roadmap for future advances in microgravity bioengineering. The results will be critical for funders that currently sponsor bioengineering research which relies on reduced microgravity environments. The results will enable these agencies and the researchers they support to appropriately plan for future programs and studies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项将支持研究与太空生物工程有关的新知识的研究。国际空间站美国国家实验室将举办虚拟研讨会，以战略性地与大约50位不同的科学家，工程师和临床医生合作。这项合作将利用他们的翻译专业知识来加速对基本科学的理解，这可能通过研究低地球轨道的生物学现象而导致生物医​​学突破。研讨会的目标是：1）利用科学家，工程师和临床医生的翻译专业知识，以加速我们对如何在太空中开发或测试生物医学突破的理解（低地球轨道）； 2）制作一份书面文档，详细介绍了讨论的结果。 具体而言，本文件将确定研究领域和发现以推动低地球轨道环境的思想领导，以及这项工作最终如何导致临床翻译。这是为了改善人类的工作，可能会对美国经济带来重大利益。在微重力环境中进行研究的能力为基础研究提供了前所未有的机会。在再生医学的伞下，已经确定了研讨会的四个重点区域：干细胞；生物制造和3D生物打印；器官/微生物生理系统；人工智能（AI）和机器人技术。 消除重力的影响对细胞行为，细胞 - 细胞相互作用，组织发育和再生以及在整个生物体的背景下的总体相互作用产生了重大贡献。在国际空间站的开创性生物工程实验以及地面研究表明，微重力能够对单位重力条件下无法实现的新特征进行研究。这些包括对干细胞增殖率和分化的变化。微重力的印刷生物组织也有望在使用低粘度生物材料或生物学的使用方面具有优势，并有能力构建透明的，复杂的结构。这些过程在很大程度上依赖于受重力场影响的生物力学和机械生物学线索。这样，国际空间站提供了一个前所未有的机会，可以推进生物力学和机械生物学领域的基础研究。该跨学科研讨会的参与者将负责确定并公开传播小重力生物工程发展的路线图。对于目前赞助生物工程研究的资助者来说，结果至关重要，该研究依赖于减少的微重力环境。结果将使这些机构及其支持的研究人员能够适当地计划未来的计划和研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来支持的。