RAPID: A matter of life or death: Identifying factors that regulate susceptibility or resistance of bay scallops to an emergent coccidian parasite

快速：生死攸关：确定调节海湾扇贝对新出现的球虫寄生虫的敏感性或抵抗力的因素

• 批准号: 2026358
• 负责人: Bassem Allam
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2026358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; matter; life; death; Identifying

The bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians, is one of the most economically and ecologically important species in coastal areas of New York State and the region. In summer/fall 2019, 90% of the scallops in eastern Long Island died, and this coincided with the emergence of an undescribed parasite that disrupts the kidney of infected animals. Genetic analysis showed that the parasite belongs to the Coccidia subclass of parasites, and this pathogen is now designated bay scallop Coccidia or BSC. This project will identify how BSC infects and kills scallops, and why some scallops are resistant to infection or death. Results from this study promotes the progress of science because research will identify mechanisms that regulate host-parasite interactions in scallops, and may help us understand how other Coccidia cause disease in economically important systems. It advances the national prosperity and the bioeconomy because results help scallop farmers and ecologists prevent or minimize death of this economically-important crop. This research will also provide tools to enable a broad research community working on apicomplexan parasites of invertebrates. This proposal also uses funding to train a post-doc, and graduate and undergraduate students to train the next generation of scientists. Results expected from this work will facilitate the recovery of bay scallops in New York waters, and will serve as a reference if BSC spreads to other coastal regions in the USA.Despite the common nature of Coccidia infection in invertebrates, very little is known about the biology of these microorganisms and the factors that regulate infection success. This RAPID will use an ongoing epizootic to generate information needed to characterize an ecologically- and economically-important member of the Coccidia that infects bay scallop (BSC). The study will use a combination of high-throughput sequencing techniques (genome and RNA sequencing), traditional cellular techniques (parasite purification, primary cell culture), and molecular biology methods to characterize BSC and probe the relationship between parasite life stages and scallop health; to evaluate how the disease will develop with the onset of summer conditions, conditions thought to be stressful to bay scallops; and to determine what genetic and environmental factors differentiate resistant scallops from susceptible ones. The new data are expected to solve an information gap that has been hampering the understanding of the mechanisms of survival and disease of BSCs in marine invertebrates. Moreover, the genetic information obtained from this work can be the basis for developing diagnostic tools to identify BSC infections and outbreaks in the future, which helps the bioecomony. This research will identify mechanisms that regulate host-parasite interactions in scallops, and may help us understand how other Coccidia cause disease in economically important systems. This research will also provide tools to enable a broad research community working on apicomplexan parasites of invertebrates. This award also uses funding to train a post-doc, and graduate and undergraduate students to train the next generation of STEM researchers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海湾扇贝Argopecten irradians irradians是纽约州和该地区沿海地区经济和生态上最重要的物种之一。在2019年夏季/秋季，长岛东部的90％的扇贝死亡，这与未描述的寄生虫的出现相吻合，破坏了受感染动物的肾脏。遗传分析表明，该寄生虫属于寄生虫的球虫亚类，该病原体现在被指定为Bay扇贝球虫或BSC。该项目将确定BSC感染和杀死扇贝的方式，以及为什么某些扇贝对感染或死亡具有抵抗力。这项研究的结果促进了科学的进步，因为研究将确定调节扇贝中宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用的机制，并可能有助于我们了解其他球虫在经济上重要的系统中如何引起疾病。它促进了民族繁荣和生物经济，因为结果有助于扇贝农民和生态学家预防或最大程度地减少这种经济重要的农作物的死亡。这项研究还将提供工具，以使一个广泛的研究社区致力于无脊椎动物的Apicomplexan寄生虫。该建议还使用资金来培训大约一会儿，并研究生和本科生培训下一代科学家。这项工作预期的结果将有助于纽约水域的海湾扇贝的恢复，如果BSC扩散到美国的其他沿海地区，则可以作为参考。尽管无脊椎动物的球虫感染的共同性质，但对这些微生物的生物学以及调节感染成功的因素的生物学知之甚少。这种快速将使用正在进行的epizootic生成所需的信息，以表征感染Bay Scallop（BSC）的球球菌的生态和经济重要成员。该研究将结合使用高通量测序技术（基因组和RNA测序），传统的细胞技术（寄生虫纯化，原发性细胞培养）和分子生物学方法来表征BSC并探测寄生虫生命阶段与扇贝健康之间的关系；为了评估该疾病在夏季状况的开始时如何发展，人们认为对海湾扇贝压力很大；并确定哪些遗传因素和环境因素将耐药性扇贝与易感性扇贝区分开。预计新数据将解决一个信息差距，该信息差距一直在阻碍海洋无脊椎动物中BSC的生存和疾病机制的理解。此外，从这项工作中获得的遗传信息可以成为开发诊断工具以识别BSC感染和爆发的基础，从而有助于生物概念。这项研究将确定调节扇贝中宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用的机制，并可能有助于我们了解其他球球菌如何在经济重要的系统中引起疾病​​。这项研究还将提供工具，以使一个广泛的研究社区致力于无脊椎动物的Apicomplexan寄生虫。该奖项还使用资金来培训大型工作后，研究生和本科生来培训下一代STEM研究人员。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Collapse of the New York Bay scallop fishery despite sustained larval and juvenile recruitment

尽管幼体和幼体持续补充，纽约湾扇贝渔业却崩溃

• DOI: 10.3354/meps14334
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Tettelbach, ST;Czaja, RE;Tobi, H;Hughes, SWT;Peterson, BJ;Heck, SM;MacGregor, J;DeLany, F;Scannell, BJ;Pales Espinosa, E
• 通讯作者: Pales Espinosa, E