The catalytic activity and subcellular trafficking of plant cellulose synthase complexes

植物纤维素合酶复合物的催化活性和亚细胞运输

• 批准号: 2025437
• 负责人: Christopher Staiger
• 金额: $ 64.98万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2025437&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: catalytic; activity; subcellular; trafficking; plant; catalytic; activity; subcellular; trafficking; plant

Cellulose is a polymer of glucose monomers that can be produced by plants, many oomycetes, and some bacteria. Plant cellulose is used to make clothes, produce paper, and generate biofuels. In plants cellulose is synthesized by cellulose synthase protein complexes situated at the cell surface and it serves as a major cell wall component that controls plant cell shape and overall plant architecture. Cellulose synthase complexes require sophisticated regulatory mechanism to be delivered to the cell surface and perform their catalytic functions in cellulose biosynthesis. This project will use multidisciplinary approaches to examine specific aspects of this regulation. The project will contribute to outreach programs by hosting high school students in the laboratory and providing training to high school science teachers. This project will also involve numerous undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds, thus stimulating research interest in plant biology and promoting STEM education. Although it is widely recognized that the subcellular transport of the cellulose synthase complex is essential for cellulose synthesis in plants, its unclear whether the catalytic activity of the cellulose synthase complex is related to its subcellular transport. This project aims at using chemical genetic methods and mutant analysis to discover how the catalytic activity of cellulose synthase complexes impacts their subcellular trafficking. Chemical inhibitor treatment combined with live-cell imaging will be performed to examine how catalytic activity affects different steps of cellulose synthase complex subcelluar trafficking. A series of cellulose synthase mutants that carry mutations at important amino acids for predicted catalytic activity will be analyzed for their growth phenotypes, cellulose content, and mutated protein trafficking dynamics. The research is expected to increase understanding of the relationship between cellulose synthase complex catalytic activity and subcellular trafficking.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

纤维素是葡萄糖单体的聚合物，可以由植物，许多卵菌和一些细菌产生。植物纤维素用于制作衣服，生产纸张并产生生物燃料。在植物中，纤维素是由位于细胞表面的纤维素合酶蛋白复合物合成的，它是控制植物细胞形状和整体植物结构的主要细胞壁成分。纤维素合酶复合物需要将复杂的调节机制传递到细胞表面，并在纤维素生物合成中执行其催化功能。 该项目将使用多学科的方法来检查该法规的特定方面。该项目将通过在实验室中接待高中生，并向高中科学老师提供培训，从而为外展计划做出贡献。该项目还将涉及来自不同背景的众多本科生，从而激发了对植物生物学和促进STEM教育的研究兴趣。尽管人们广泛认识到，纤维素合酶复合物的亚细胞转运对于植物中的纤维素合成至关重要，但尚不清楚纤维素合酶复合物的催化活性是否与其亚细胞转运有关。该项目旨在使用化学遗传学方法和突变体分析来发现纤维素合酶络合物的催化活性如何影响其亚细胞运输。将进行化学抑制剂处理与活细胞成像的结合，以检查催化活性如何影响纤维素合酶复合体下卢斯群体运输的不同步骤。将分析一系列在重要氨基酸以预测催化活性的纤维素合酶突变体的生长表型，纤维素含量和突变的蛋白质运输动力学。预计这项研究将增加对纤维素合酶复杂催化活性和亚细胞运输之间关系的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。