Collaborative Research: Continental Shelf Geodesy: Continued Development of a Low Cost Sea Floor Geodetic System Based on GPS

合作研究：大陆架大地测量：持续开发基于 GPS 的低成本海底大地测量系统

• 批准号: 2023714
• 负责人: Mark Zumberge
• 金额: $ 11.88万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023714&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Continental; Shelf; Geodesy

Existing technology for sea floor geodesy (measuring small motions of the sea floor) has limitations in terms precision and cost. This is especially true in the shallow continental shelf environment, where highly variable salinity, temperature and density of the ocean cause problems for acoustic ranging and sea floor pressure techniques. Potential applications of the proposed system include monitoring of underwater volcanoes, offshore oil and gas fields, and the shallow offshore portion of subduction zones. Measuring strain accumulation and release processes in the shallow offshore region of subduction zones is especially important because it has the potential to improve our understanding of giant subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis, as well as improve our ability to forecast these catastrophic events.The proposed design is based on a successful Italian concept that uses high precision GPS mounted on a semi-rigid structure and moored to the sea floor. That system has been successfully tested up to 140 meters water depth on the flanks of an active volcano, but only acquired vertical component data. The Italian design has been modified to reduce costs and enable measurement of the full three-dimensional displacement vector. Initial tests have demonstrated that a simple rigid spar design is suitable for water depths up to 40 meters. A steel spar is attached by shackle to a heavy seafloor anchor and is kept near vertical by a near-surface float. GPS on top of the buoy measures instantaneous position, while tilt and heading sensors allow correction for buoy motion, enabling daily estimates of the position of the sea floor anchor precise to 1-2 cm. The new research proposed here aims to develop and demonstrate a deeper water version, suitable for water depths up to 150 meters, by adding a cable with orientation sensors to the buoy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

现有的海底测量技术技术（测量海底的小动作）在精度和成本方面具有限制。在浅层大陆架环境中尤其如此，在浅层大陆架环境中，高度可变的盐度，温度和海洋密度会导致声学范围和海底压力技术。拟议系统的潜在应用包括监测水下火山，近海石油和天然气场以及俯冲带的浅离岸部分。 Measuring strain accumulation and release processes in the shallow offshore region of subduction zones is especially important because it has the potential to improve our understanding of giant subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis, as well as improve our ability to forecast these catastrophic events.The proposed design is based on a successful Italian concept that uses high precision GPS mounted on a semi-rigid structure and moored to the sea floor.该系统已成功测试了活跃火山侧面的水深高达140米，但仅获得了垂直组件数据。 意大利设计已进行了修改，以降低成本并能够测量完整的三维位移向量。初始测试表明，一种简单的刚性晶石设计适用于高达40米的水深。钢翼晶石由链子连接到沉重的海底锚，并通过近地面浮子在垂直的垂直方向上。浮标顶部的GPS测量瞬时位置，而倾斜和标题传感器则允许校正浮标运动，从而每天估算海底锚固锚位置精确至1-2厘米。这里提出的新研究旨在通过在浮标中添加带有方向传感器的电缆来开发和展示更深的水版本，适合于150米的水深度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来提供支持的。