Collaborative Research: US GO-SHIP 2021-2026 Repeat Hydrography, Carbon and Tracers

合作研究：US GO-SHIP 2021-2026 重复水文学、碳和示踪剂

基本信息

批准号：
2023512
负责人：
Mark Warner
金额：
$ 365.38万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-01 至 2027-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023512&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research US GO SHIP

项目摘要

The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) is a systematic re-occupation of key global hydrographic sections that began in 2003. The sections span all ocean basins and reach full ocean depth, with physical and chemical measurements of the highest ‘reference standard’ accuracy. This level of data quality is attainable only with research ships for the foreseeable future. The U.S. GO-SHIP program is a major contributor to international GO-SHIP, designed to monitor the ocean's response to climate change as part of the World Climate Research Programme’s Global Ocean Observing System. This grant will extend this unique climate data set over the next six years. The new hydrographic data sets collected by U.S. GO-SHIP will contribute to overlapping scientific and technical objectives related to: 1) heat/freshwater storage and flux; 2) carbon system and biogeochemical studies; 3) water mass ventilation; 4) model calibration, validation, and state estimation; and 5) autonomous sensor calibration, including Core (2000 m T, S), Deep, and Biogeochemical Argo profiling floats. Building on observations first made in the 1990's, this program has been critical to developing our understanding of ocean-related climate changes including: warming of the abyssal ocean that takes up ~10% of the Earth's excess heat; changes in circulation and ventilation; increasing anthropogenic carbon uptake and its impact on global carbon budgets and acidification; declining oxygen concentrations; and expansion of oxygen minimum zones. The U.S. GO-SHIP open data policy has resulted in rapid, widespread availability and use of data. The program benefits society as it is the only globally available source of information about changes in the deep (2000m) ocean. The data will continue to be a resource for climate model validation. Outreach for U.S. GO-SHIP data collection (cruise-based) and synthesis will extend data usefulness and public awareness. The program will continue to promote and expand scientific and leadership training for graduate students, postdoctoral scientists, and early career scientists. Funds are budgeted for graduate students, postdocs, and young scientists to participate in each cruise, and for an annual postdoc program to entrain young scientists in use of these invaluable observations.Fourteen research cruises during the period 2021-2026 are planned, with the continuing objective of systematically quantifying global-scale changes in storage and transport of heat, freshwater, carbon, oxygen, nutrients, and related parameters. Nine cruises will be led by NSF/UNOLS, four by NOAA, and one will be joint. Included measurements are: hydrographic/physical (CTDO2, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, U, V and W from LADCP, U and V from underway ADCP, underway T and S, meteorology, bathymetry), carbon system (DIC, pCO2, TAlk, pH, DOC, TDN, underway pCO2), and transient tracers (CFCs, SF6). U.S. GO-SHIP will continue to cooperate with separately funded investigators: examples include measurement of 14C, Fe/trace metals, 3H/3He; microstructure turbulence measurements, as well as floats and drifters. This grant includes funds to collect data and perform quality control to achieve reference quality, with limited synthesis through support of postdoctoral researchers. Data will be released using the successful approach in place since 2003, with a stringent data policy of rapid and open dissemination, including transfer to recognized data centers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全球海洋船基水文调查计划 (GO-SHIP) 是对 2003 年开始的全球关键水文剖面的系统性重新占领。这些剖面跨越所有海洋盆地并达到整个海洋深度，物理和化学测量值达到了最高水平。在可预见的未来，只有研究船才能达到“参考标准”的准确性。美国 GO-SHIP 计划是国际 GO-SHIP 的主要贡献者，旨在监测海洋对气候的反应。作为世界气候研究计划全球海洋观测系统的一部分，这笔赠款将在未来六年内扩展这一独特的气候数据集，该数据集将有助于实现与相关的重叠科学和技术目标。： 1) 热量/淡水储存和通量； 2) 碳系统和生物地球化学研究； 4) 模型校准、验证和状态估计；以及 5) 自主传感器校准，包括 Core (2000) m T, S)、深海和生物地球化学 Argo 剖面浮标以 20 世纪 90 年代首次进行的观测为基础，对于加深我们对海洋相关气候变化的理解至关重要，其中包括：占约 10 的深海变暖。地球过剩热量的百分比；循环和通风的变化；人为碳吸收及其对全球碳预算和酸化的影响；以及美国氧气最低区的扩大。 GO-SHIP 开放数据政策带来了数据的快速、广泛的可用性和使用，因为它是有关深海 (2000 m) 变化的唯一全球可用信息源。数据将继续成为一种资源。美国 GO-SHIP 数据收集（基于巡航）和综合将扩大数据的有用性和公众意识，该计划将继续促进和扩大对研究生、博士后科学家和早期职业生涯的科学和领导力培训。资金是科学家。为研究生、博士后和年轻科学家参与每次航行制定预算，并为年度博士后计划安排青年科学家利用这些宝贵的观察结果。计划在 2021 年至 2026 年期间进行 14 次研究航行，持续目标是不可避免地要量化全球范围内热量、淡水、碳、氧气、营养物和相关参数的储存和运输变化。 NSF/UNOLS 将领导 9 次巡游，NOAA 领导 4 次，联合进行 1 次。包括的测量包括：水文/物理（CTDO2、盐度、氧气、营养物、LADCP 的 U、V 和 W、开始 ADCP 的 U 和 V、开始 T 和 S、气象、测深）、碳系统（DIC、pCO2、TAlk、 pH、DOC、TDN、持续的 pCO2）和瞬态示踪剂（CFC、SF6）将继续与单独资助的研究人员合作：示例包括测量14C、Fe/痕量金属、3H/3He；微观结构湍流测量，以及浮子和漂移器。这笔资助包括收集数据和进行质量控制以达到参考质量的资金，并通过博士后研究人员的支持进行有限的合成。使用自 2003 年以来的成功方法发布，并采用严格的快速和开放传播数据政策，包括转移到认可的数据中心。该奖项是 NSF 的法定使命，并通过评估被认为值得支持基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。