Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: Heat Exposure and Dietary Choices

经济学博士论文研究：热暴露与饮食选择

• 批准号: 2018782
• 负责人: Giovanni Giuntella
• 金额: $ 6.26万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2018782&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economics; Heat

Global obesity epidemic and secular increases in heat are two problems facing the world. Heat waves may have negative consequences on human health but it is not clear through which mechanisms increasing heat affect human health. This research project will use both economic theory and data t investigate the effects of long-term heat waves on obesity through its effects on dietary choices. The research project combines the economics and psychological and behavioral literature to link changing rising heatwaves and obesity through dietary choices. The project will link three large data sets over long periods of time for the study. This is one of the few studies that links obesity to heat waves with the major innovation coming from its focus on long-term heatwaves as opposed to short term increases in temperature. This research also explores the potential mechanisms through which heat waves affect obesity and other health problems. The results of this research project will provide inputs into policies to reduce the effects of climate change on health outcomes.The proposed research will synthesize three large datasets: the Nielsen HomeScan Consumer Panel, a nationally representative panel of U.S. household retail purchases of more than two million unique Universal Product Codes (UPCs) from 2004 to 2017; the NOAA Daily Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN-Daily) database, and the Nutritionix Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) dataset represented in the Nielsen panel. The researcher will construct a panel of household grocery purchases, the nutritional content of those purchases, and measures of contemporaneous heat exposure based on historical weather data from the household's geographic location. The proposed research will apply generalized additive models (GAMs), allowing for the common finding in prior literature of nonlinear effects of temperature on economic behavior and outcomes, to estimate the relationship between temperature and nutritional content of purchases. The researcher will then use these findings to elucidate the mechanisms by which heat influences dietary choices and identify regions or subpopulations for which targeted mitigating policies would be most valuable.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全球肥胖症流行和热量增加是世界面临的两个问题。 热浪可能对人类健康造成负面影响，但尚不清楚哪些机制增加热量会影响人类健康。 该研究项目将同时使用经济理论和数据来研究长期热浪对肥胖的影响，其对饮食选择的影响。 该研究项目将经济学以及心理和行为文献结合在一起，通过饮食选择将不断变化的热浪和肥胖联系起来。 该项目将在研究长时间内链接三个大数据集。 这是将肥胖与热浪与主要创新联系起来的少数研究之一，其重点是长期热浪而不是短期温度升高。 这项研究还探讨了热浪影响肥胖和其他健康问题的潜在机制。 该研究项目的结果将为减少气候变化对健康结果的影响提供投入。拟议的研究将综合三个大型数据集：Nielsen Homescan Consumer Panel，美国全国代表性的美国家庭零售小组，从2004年到2017年，美国家庭零售公司购买了超过两百万个独特的通用产品代码（UPCS）； NOAA每日全球历史气候网络（GHCN）数据库以及Nielsen面板中代表的Nutritionix消费品包装商品（CPG）数据集。研究人员将根据家庭地理位置的历史天气数据来建立一个家庭杂货店购买的小组，这些购买的营养含量以及同时热暴露的措施。拟议的研究将采用通用的添加剂模型（GAM），从而允许在先前的文献中发现温度对经济行为和结果的非线性影响，以估算购买的温度与购买的营养含量之间的关系。然后，研究人员将使用这些发现来阐明热量影响饮食选择的机制，并确定有针对性的缓解政策的区域或亚群，最有价值的政策是最有价值的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来评估Criteria的评估，并被认为是值得的。