Collaborative Research: Initiation, Propagation, and Termination: Understanding coupled hydrologic and glacier dynamic instabilities from the surge of Turner Glacier

合作研究：启动、传播和终止：了解特纳冰川涌动造成的耦合水文和冰川动态不稳定性

• 批准号: 1954006
• 负责人: Ellyn Enderlin
• 金额: $ 52.96万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1954006&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Initiation; Propagation; Termination

Glaciers and ice sheets are rapidly shrinking, with implications for local water resources, biogeochemical properties of streams, rivers, fjords, and oceans, and global sea level rise. As air temperatures warm, melting water from glaciers can be transported to the base of the glaciers where the ice meets the bedrock below. The addition of this water has caused dramatic acceleration of ice flow for some glaciers, small flow changes in others, and even deceleration for other glaciers. Changes in ice flow can be dramatic and unstable, leading to rapid glacier loss that cannot be predicted using current ice flow models. This project aims to better understand the links between glacier hydrology and ice flow by studying an event called a glacier surge during which the ice flow increases dramatically for a period of a few years. The project will conduct an integrated field, remote sensing, and modeling study of a glacier surge at Turner Glacier in Southeast Alaska. The scientific insights gained here will have broad applicability across glacier and ice sheet conditions in many parts of the Arctic and Antarctic, reducing uncertainties in predictions of global glacier loss in the coming decades. The project will strengthen the glacier research programs at Idaho’s two largest universities through interdisciplinary inclusive research, outreach, and community building. The project will collect in-situ seismic, radar, geodetic, meteorological, and time-lapse imagery of hydrologic and glacier dynamics instabilities occurring throughout the upcoming surge of Turner Glacier. The team will combine in-situ observations with satellite-derived glacier velocity, elevation, terminus position, and subglacial plume data to map meltwater routing beneath the glacier during the initiation, propagation, and termination of the surge. These data will be paired with a state-of-the-art hydrologic numerical modeling to investigate the evolution of the controls on the hydrologic and dynamic glacier instabilities throughout the full surge. The unprecedented dataset, coupled with modern models, will yield improved, process-based understanding of a fundamental, 50-plus year-old, first-order question in glaciology: What controls the initiation, propagation, and termination of glacier surges? Given that the interplay between glacier hydrology, basal processes, and glacier flow remains one of the most fundamental questions in glaciology, the results of this project have broad societal impacts. Any insights into rapid instabilities in glacier flow triggered by climate will considerably advance our predictive capabilities of glacier change, and our ability to understand the impacts of ice mass loss on the Earth system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

冰川和冰盖正在迅速缩小，对当地水资源、溪流、河流、峡湾和海洋的生物地球化学特性以及全球海平面上升产生影响。随着气温升高，冰川融化的水可能会被输送到底部。这些水的加入导致一些冰川的冰流急剧加速，而另一些冰川的冰流则发生微小的变化，甚至导致其他冰川的冰流减速。冰流的变化可能是剧烈且不稳定的，导致冰川快速消失，而这是使用当前冰流模型无法预测的。该项目旨在通过研究冰流期间冰川涌动的事件来了解冰川水文学和冰流之间的联系。该项目将对阿拉斯加东南部特纳冰川的冰川激增进行综合实地、遥感和建模研究，此处获得的科学见解将在冰川和冰盖条件下具有广泛的适用性。在许多该项目将通过跨学科的包容性研究、推广和社区建设来加强爱达荷州最大的两所大学的冰川研究项目。该团队将在即将到来的特纳冰川激增期间对水文和冰川动力学不稳定性进行地震、雷达、大地测量、气象和延时成像。冰川速度、海拔、终点位置和冰下羽流数据，用于绘制冰川下方融水在涌动起始、传播和终止过程中的路线图。这些数据将与最先进的水文数值模型相结合进行研究。整个激增过程中水文和动态冰川不稳定性控制的演变，前所未有的数据集与现代模型相结合，将产生对 50 多年历史的基本一阶数据的改进的、基于过程的理解。冰川学中的一个问题：什么控制着冰川涌动的发生、传播和终止？鉴于冰川水文学、基底过程和冰川流动之间的相互作用仍然是冰川学中最基本的问题之一，该项目的结果具有广泛的社会影响对气候引发的冰川流动快速不稳定的任何见解都将大大提高我们对冰川变化的预测能力，以及我们了解冰块损失对地球系统影响的能力。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Kinematics of the exceptionally-short surge cycles of Sít’ Kusá (Turner Glacier), Alaska, from 1983 to 2013

1983 年至 2013 年阿拉斯加萨塔库萨（特纳冰川）异常短的涌动周期的运动学

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2021.29
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Nolan, Andrew;Kochtitzky, William;Enderlin, Ellyn M.;McNabb, Robert;Kreutz, Karl J.
• 通讯作者: Kreutz, Karl J.