Quantum Many-Body Physics in Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Gases

自旋轨道耦合玻色气体中的量子多体物理

• 批准号: 2012185
• 负责人: Yong Chen
• 金额: $ 35.77万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2012185&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantum; Many; Body; Physics; Spin

General audience abstract:Many technologically important material properties, such as the conductivity of metals, can be understood by studying the behavior of a single particle (e.g. an electron) in the material. However, some novel material properties, such as superconductivity and magnetism, depend on how particles interact with one another. When such interparticle interactions are strong, intriguing properties that cannot be explained by the single-particle picture may emerge. In addition, spin-orbit coupling (SOC) - the interaction between a particle’s spin and its motion - plays a crucial role in a wide range of phenomena. The interplay between interparticle interactions and SOC may lead to new quantum materials which hold promise for advanced technologies such as topological quantum computers and dissipationless electronics. Directly studying such materials can be challenging because of imperfections and the lack of experimental controllability. This project aims to build a highly controllable quantum simulator based on atomic Bose gases to explore novel strongly correlated quantum phenomena induced by the interplay between interactions and SOC/gauge fields in low-dimensional quantum fluids. The aim is to provide useful insights for designing new materials and inventing new quantum devices. This project will enhance collaborations between the experimental group doing this work and theorists in the field. Further, the project will integrate research with the education of graduate and undergraduate students from both physics and engineering. These students will learn in an interdisciplinary environment and acquire knowledge and skills in such areas as atomic/molecular/optical physics, condensed matter physics, quantum physics, photonics and electronics. Technical audience abstract:The experimental team will engineer an atomic (Rb-87) Bose gas subjected to synthetic gauge fields and effective spin orbit coupling (SOC) (optically generated using Raman coupling) in novel geometries based on optical lattices (periodic potentials created by lasers) and synthetic spaces (constructed using internal states of atoms). The presence of the lattices can confine atoms in low dimensional geometries with controllable inter-particle interactions and correlations, allowing for studying novel quantum many-body physics induced by the interplay between interactions and synthetic gauge fields. One main direction of the project is to study atoms subjected to gauge fields in spaces with nontrivial geometries, and to explore novel physics inherent to such spaces. For example, engineering a synthetic magnetic field threading a synthetic cylindrical surface realizes a synthetic Hall cylinder where a lattice with a symmetry-protected topological band structure emerges. The program will study the effects of interactions on such topological bands and associated quantum transport, dynamics and phase transitions. Such a Bose gas can be further prepared in real-space 1D tubes which allow for enhanced and tunable inter-particle interactions. As another example, the team aims to prepare a Bose gas with 1D SOC along the 1D tubes, where the exact match of the dimension of both the real space and SOC would notably increase the effects of 1D SOC and also enhance the quantum fluctuations in 1D, leading to new many-body phenomena. The interplay between SOC and tunable inter-particle interactions is theoretically predicted to modify the well-known Tonks-Luttinger physics, giving rise to e.g. non-Luttinger quantum liquids. This program is not only interesting for cold atom research, but is also relevant for condensed matter physics, such as insights to interacting topological physics/superfluids and novel strongly correlated quantum matter in low dimensions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

一般受众摘要：许多在技术上重要的特性，例如材料中单个粒子（例如电子）的金属的连接性。 Le粒子的图片可能会出现。讨论由于缺陷和缺乏实验性的，该项目旨在建立一个基于原子的bose ses，以探索相关性的，量子的量子现象，以构建可控的量子模拟器。其目的是提供有用的近似态度，并在守场员中进行新的量子设备。以及ASCU LAR/光学物理，凝结物理，量子物理，光子和电子产品。由激光器和合成空间（使用原子的内部站构建）。 ECT是在具有非平凡几何形状的空间中进行量规场的原子，并探索这种空间固有的新物理学通过研究这种拓扑带和相关的运输IC和相变的效果。旨在沿1D管ACE和SOC制备1D SOC的bose气体，而SOC将显着增加1D SOC的效果，并增强1D中的量子波动，SOC和可调的Internter粒子相互作用之间的解释是理论上Ell-Ell-Neward Tonks-Luttinger物理学，例如非luttinger量子液体。使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响评估标准进行评估。

项目成果

Bose-Einstein Condensate on a Synthetic Topological Hall Cylinder

• DOI: 10.1103/prxquantum.3.010316
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: PRX Quantum
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: Chuan-Hsun Li;Yangqian Yan;Shih-Wen Feng;S. Choudhury;D. Blasing;Qi Zhou;Yong P. Chen