AON Collaborative Research: Continuation of long-term Beaufort Gyre observations in 2020-2024 to enhance understanding of the Arctic's role in climate variability

AON 合作研究：2020-2024 年继续进行长期波弗特环流观测，以加深对北极在气候变化中的作用的了解

• 批准号: 1949881
• 负责人: Isabela Le Bras
• 金额: $ 757.5万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949881&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AON; Collaborative; Research; Continuation; long

The Arctic is undergoing rapid climate change, with atmospheric temperatures warming at a rate greater than twice the global average, a precipitous decline in Arctic sea ice, and sustained accumulation of heat and freshwater in the ocean. These changes have extensive consequences for global climate, marine ecosystems and geopolitics. The Beaufort Gyre is one of the Arctic Ocean’s main sea-ice and ocean circulation systems and a centerpiece for Arctic and global change. The most pronounced sea-ice losses and ocean changes are observed in this region. Conspicuous examples are the substantial increases in concentrations of relatively fresh water in the ocean, and in the amount of heat contained in the ocean. Other prominent changes in the Beaufort Gyre include ocean acidification and transformations in the marine ecosystem. This project is an extensive observing program to document and analyze the Beaufort Gyre’s evolving sea ice and ocean properties. In-depth analyses of the data provide understanding of the Beaufort Gyre’s role in the Arctic and global climate system, which is essential to develop the most viable future climate predictions.This project builds upon the discoveries of the 2003-2020 Beaufort Gyre Observing System (BGOS) project to sample and analyze the Beaufort Gyre. BGOS operations are continued in 2020-2024 including an extensive analysis and interpretation of the data. Ocean moorings sample seawater properties and sea-ice to resolve sub-daily to interannual variability. Annual ship-based ocean sampling, in collaboration with Canadian scientists, augments the year-round mooring measurements. The data comprise measurements of heat, freshwater, currents, bottom pressure, biogeochemical properties, and sea ice. These observations are analyzed and interpreted in context with the existing long-term measurements to test key hypotheses related to the evolving freshwater, energetics of the ice-ocean system, the accumulation of ocean heat, and biogeochemistry. The BGOS program coordinates with and accommodates other national and international projects to enhance effectiveness and interconnections of observing activities. The project includes training of students, providing them with the opportunity to participate in BGOS expeditions and advising them in BGOS data analysis. This encompasses an educational exchange between Yale and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution involving graduate students and summer undergraduate students, and tiered mentoring. Other broader impacts include ship-board scientific presentations, tutorials, and dispatches, participation in the NSF PolarTREC program, and engagement of Arctic communities in Canada and Alaska. The long-term Beaufort Gyre system perspective and knowledge gained from the data and analysis are vital to a wide variety of Arctic processes and, ultimately, our understanding of the climate system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北极正在经历快速的气候变化，大气温度变暖的速度超过全球平均水平的两倍，北极海冰急剧减少，海洋中热量和淡水持续积累，这些变化对全球气候产生了广泛的影响。波弗特环流是北冰洋主要的海冰和海洋环流系统之一，也是北极和全球变化的中心，在该地区观察到的最明显的海冰损失和海洋变化是。实质性的海洋中相对淡水的浓度增加，以及海洋中所含热量的增加。波弗特环流的其他显着变化包括海洋酸化和海洋生态系统的转变。该项目是一个记录和分析的广泛观测计划。对波弗特环流不断变化的海冰和海洋特性的深入分析有助于了解波弗特环流在北极和全球气候系统中的作用，这对于制定最可行的未来气候预测至关重要。 2003-2020 年波弗特环流观测系统 (BGOS) 项目的发现将在 2020-2024 年继续进行，包括对海洋系泊样本海水特性和海冰数据进行广泛分析和解释。与加拿大科学家合作，解决逐日到年际的变化。每年进行的船基海洋采样增强了全年系泊测量数据。热量、淡水、洋流、底部压力、生物地球化学特性和海冰的观测结果在现有的长期测量的背景下进行了分析和解释，以检验与淡水演化、冰-海洋系统的能量学相关的关键假设。 BGOS 计划与其他国家和国际项目进行协调和协调，以提高观测活动的有效性和相互联系。该项目包括培训学生，为他们提供参与 BGOS 的机会。这包括耶鲁大学和伍兹霍尔海洋学研究所之间涉及研究生和暑期本科生的教育交流，以及其他更广泛的影响，包括船上科学演示、教程和调度、参与。 NSF PolarTREC 计划以及加拿大和阿拉斯加北极社区的参与 从数据和分析中获得的波弗特环流系统的长期观点和知识对于各种北极过程以及最终我们的理解至关重要。这反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Arctic Cyclone Activity and the Beaufort High

北极气旋活动和波弗特高压

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-20-0771.1
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Kenigson, Jessica S.;Timmermans, M.
• 通讯作者: Timmermans, M.

Nordic Seas Hydrography in the Context of Arctic and North Atlantic Ocean Dynamics

北极和北大西洋动力学背景下的北欧海洋水文学

• DOI: 10.1175/jpo-d-20-0071.1
• 发表时间: 2020-11-10
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Oceanography
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: J. Kenigson;M. Timmermans
• 通讯作者: M. Timmermans

Climate-Relevant Ocean Transport Measurements in the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

大西洋和北冰洋与气候相关的海洋运输测量

• DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-04
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Oceanography
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Berx, Barbara;Volkov, Denis;Baehr, Johanna;Baringer, Molly;Brandt, Peter;Burmeister, Kristin;Cunningham, Stuart;de Jong, Marieke;de Steur, Laura;Dong, Shenfu;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Analysis of the Beaufort Gyre Freshwater Content in 2003–2018

2003—2018年波弗特环流淡水含量分析

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015281
• 发表时间: 2019-12
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Proshutinsky, A.;Krishfield, R.;Toole, J. M.;Timmermans, M. ‐L.;Williams, W.;Zimmermann, S.;Yamamoto‐Kawai, M.;Armitage, T. W. K.;Dukhovskoy, D.;Golubeva, E.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Analysis of Acoustic Observations of Double‐Diffusive Finestructure in the Arctic Ocean

北冰洋双扩散精细结构的声学观测分析

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl089845
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Shibley, Nicole C.;Timmermans, Mary‐Louise;Stranne, Christian
• 通讯作者: Stranne, Christian