Collaborative Research: Lift regulation via kinematic maneuvering in uncertain gusts

合作研究：在不确定的阵风中通过运动操纵进行升力调节

• 批准号: 2003951
• 负责人: Anya Jones
• 金额: $ 27.59万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2003951&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Lift; regulation; via

When a wing passes through a strong gust of wind, large amounts of lift are generated very quickly. The resulting lift transient, and the speed at which it builds, presents a challenge to maintaining vehicle control and can result in structural deformation or failure. It is therefore of interest to equip wings with ways to mitigate strong gust responses, i.e., to regulate lift. The long-term goal of this project is to assess the sensitivity of lift production to uncertainties in the gust flow, and to create new control strategies for mitigation of lift transients during detrimental unforeseen gust encounters. Results of this work will apply to a broad range of applications including wind and water turbines operating in tides, waves, and wakes; and air and water vehicles of all scales, from small aerial vehicles operating in urban environments to manned vehicles operating in complex terrain, air wakes, and extreme weather. The project will also encompass educational and outreach activities, including elementary and middle school visits and a research and mentoring program for undergraduate transfer students.The goal of this project is to apply tools from fluid dynamics, reduced-order modeling, and optimal and robust control theory to elucidate and model the underlying flow physics of an unsteady and uncertain large-amplitude transverse gust encounter, and to apply this knowledge to design control laws for regulation of lift production through kinematic actuation during and after this event. The technical approach is to (1) synthesize a physics-based low-order model that includes leading- and trailing-edge vortex dynamics based on high-resolution unsteady force, flow field, and surface pressure measurements on a rigid wing in a large-amplitude transverse gust encounter; (2) construct an optimal robust control framework for lift regulation in the gust that properly accounts for uncertainties in the gust flow (e.g., width and amplitude) and the wing's response thereto; and (3) implement the proposed closed-loop control framework in real-time gust encounter experiments in the laboratory. Research activities will explore methods of combining analytical and physics-based aerodynamic models with data-driven techniques for more robust and extensible models of wings passing through unsteady and uncertain large disturbances. Contributions to the scientific community include (1) a flow model designed for large-amplitude gust encounters with a high degree of uncertainty in the gust flow, and (2) integration of this model into a robust real-time feedback control loop for kinematic maneuvering in a wing-gust encounter without a priori knowledge of the gust parameters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

当机翼穿过强风时，会很快产生大量升力。由此产生的升力瞬变及其产生的速度对维持车辆控制提出了挑战，并可能导致结构变形或失效。因此，为机翼配备减轻强烈阵风响应的方法（即调节升力）是很有意义的。该项目的长期目标是评估升力产生对阵风流不确定性的敏感性，并制定新的控制策略，以减轻在不利的不可预见的阵风遭遇期间的升力瞬变。这项工作的结果将适用于广泛的应用，包括在潮汐、波浪和尾流中运行的风力和水力涡轮机；以及各种规模的空中和水上交通工具，从在城市环境中运行的小型飞行器到在复杂地形、空气尾流和极端天气中运行的载人飞行器。该项目还将涵盖教育和推广活动，包括中小学参观以及本科转学生的研究和指导计划。该项目的目标是应用流体动力学、降阶建模以及最优鲁棒控制等工具理论来阐明和模拟不稳定和不确定的大振幅横向阵风的基本流动物理，并应用这些知识来设计控制律，以通过该事件期间和之后的运动驱动来调节升力产生。技术方法是（1）综合基于物理的低阶模型，其中包括基于高分辨率非定常力、流场和大型飞机刚性机翼上的表面压力测量的前缘和后缘涡动力学。横向阵风遭遇幅度； (2) 构建阵风升力调节的最佳鲁棒控制框架，适当考虑阵风流的不确定性（例如宽度和幅度）以及机翼对此的响应； (3) 在实验室的实时阵风遭遇实验中实施所提出的闭环控制框架。研究活动将探索将分析和基于物理的空气动力学模型与数据驱动技术相结合的方法，以获得通过不稳定和不确定的大扰动的更稳健和可扩展的机翼模型。对科学界的贡献包括 (1) 为阵风流动高度不确定的大振幅阵风遭遇而设计的流动模型，以及 (2) 将该模型集成到用于运动操纵的鲁棒实时反馈控制回路中该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Physics and Modeling of Large Flow Disturbances: Discrete Gust Encounters for Modern Air Vehicles

• DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-031621-085520
• 发表时间: 2022-03-01
• 期刊: ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS
• 影响因子: 27.7
• 作者: Jones, Anya R.;Cetiner, Oksan;Smith, Marilyn J.
• 通讯作者: Smith, Marilyn J.

Iterative Maneuver Optimization in a Transverse Gust Encounter

横向阵风遭遇中的迭代机动优化

• DOI: 10.2514/1.j062404
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: AIAA Journal
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Xu, Xianzhang;Gementzopoulos, Antonios;Sedky, Girguis;Jones, Anya R.;Lagor, Francis D.
• 通讯作者: Lagor, Francis D.

Physics of gust response mitigation in open-loop pitching manoeuvres

开环俯仰操纵中阵风响应缓解的物理原理

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2022.509
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Sedky, Girguis;Gementzopoulos, Antonios;Andreu-Angulo, Ignacio;Lagor, Francis D.;Jones, Anya R.
• 通讯作者: Jones, Anya R.