Collaborative Research: SG: Exploring the effects of UV light on floral pigmentation

合作研究：SG：探索紫外线对花卉色素沉着的影响

基本信息

批准号：
2003052
负责人：
Matthew Koski
金额：
$ 0.71万
依托单位：
Clemson University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-15 至 2020-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2003052&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research SG Exploring effects

项目摘要

Plants experience many stresses, including extreme temperatures, drought, and ultraviolet (UV) light. UV light is a harmful to DNA and proteins. In flowering plants, pollen is particularly susceptible to UV damage, but dark pigments in flower petals may protect the pollen by absorbing UV light. The intensity of UV light reaching Earth has increased greatly during the 20th century and may continue to increase, especially in some regions. This project explores whether protective pigmentation in flowers has increased in response to increasing amounts of UV light. Because flower color is important for attracting pollinators, understanding how it may have changed is necessary to understand how effectiveness of pollination may also have changed. Pollination effectiveness, in turn, is important for the economic success of many agricultural crops and for the ecological well-being of all flowering plants. This project will also provide research experiences and mentoring for students from underrepresented groups, and will engage the general public through outreach activities at multiple events.Researchers will test the prediction that temporal increases in UV-B radiation have driven increases in UV-absorbing pigmentation in the petals of flowers. Because UV-B has increased most in polar and temperate regions during the last century, they predict that species with polar and temperate distributions will display larger increases in UV-absorbing pigmentation than sub-tropical species. Additionally, the researchers will test the prediction that species with pollen-bearing structures exposed to sunlight will respond to changes in UV-B, while those with pollen structures recessed within the flower (protected) will not. Researchers will use herbarium specimens and bioclimatic databases to gather data on flower pigmentation and abiotic conditions for 75 diverse taxa with different geographic distributions. They will also sample color across a 55-year time span and will use comparative models to assess whether rapid changes in UV-B have elicited rapid change in flower coloration.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物会承受许多压力，包括极端温度，干旱和紫外线（UV）光。紫外线对DNA和蛋白质有害。在开花植物中，花粉特别容易受到紫外线损伤，但是花瓣中的深色颜料可以通过吸收紫外线来保护花粉。在20世纪，到达地球的紫外线的强度大大增加，并且可能会继续增加，尤其是在某些地区。该项目探讨了花朵中的保护性色素沉着是否会随着紫外光量增加而增加。因为花颜色对于吸引传粉媒介很重要，所以了解授粉方式可能是如何改变的，以了解授粉的有效性也可能发生了变化。反过来，授粉有效性对于许多农作物的经济成功和所有开花植物的生态福祉至关重要。该项目还将为来自代表性不足的群体的学生提供研究经验和指导，并将通过多个活动的外展活动与公众参与。研究人员将测试以下预测，即UV-B辐射的时间增加导致了紫外线吸收色素的增加，从而促进了紫外线辐射的增加。花瓣的花瓣。由于上个世纪的UV-B在极性和温带区域的增长最大，因此他们预测，具有极性和温带分布的物种将显示出比亚热带物种更大的紫外线吸收色素沉着增加。此外，研究人员将测试以下预测，即暴露于阳光的含花粉结构的物种会响应UV-B的变化，而在花（受保护）中凹入花粉结构的物种不会。研究人员将使用标本室标本和生物气候数据库来收集有关具有不同地理分布的75种不同分类单元的花色素沉着和非生物条件的数据。它们还将在55年的时间范围内采样颜色，并将使用比较模型来评估UV-B的快速变化是否引起了花色的快速变化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为值得通过使用使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。