Digitization TCN: Collaborative Research: Mobilizing Millions of Marine Mollusks of the Eastern Seaboard

数字化 TCN：合作研究：动员东海岸数百万海洋软体动物

• 批准号: 2001515
• 负责人: John Slapcinsky
• 金额: $ 12.52万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2001515&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Digitization; TCN; Collaborative; Research; Mobilizing

The Eastern Seaboard of the United States (ESB, U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone) stretches from the Canadian border on the Atlantic along nearly 6,000 km of eastern coastline, around the Floridian Peninsula, and along the Gulf of Mexico to the south end of the Texan coast, including 18 U.S. states. The ESB region is densely populated, with 47% of the U.S. population expected to inhabit the counties adjacent to the shoreline by 2021. Habitat loss, pollution, overfishing, and climate change threaten commercially and ecologically important marine species all along the ESB. This project will make occurrence data with map coordinates available for over 3,000 species of mollusks that find their habitat along the ESB, including mussels, clams, conchs, snails, and squid. Data from these ecologically and commercially important species (over 4.5 million individual specimens) will be made available through public online data portals. While the geographic ranges for many species of mollusks are well-known, the extent of their distribution within the seafloor habitats they occupy is unknown. Adding map coordinates to occurrence records for live-collected mollusks in natural history collections will provide detailed knowledge of distributions. Because natural history collections have specimens collected from the mid-1800s to present, these occurrence records can help track distributional changes over time and lead to better fisheries and conservation management. One hundred million mollusk specimens have been documented in natural history collections across North America, and the breadth, depth, and growth of these collections is exceptionally well-known compared to other invertebrate taxa. Mollusks are among the best sampled group of animals, with some species having over 2,000 digital records available in natural history collections making them extremely well-suited for environmental and biogeographical studies that track faunal change over time and space. However, already-digitized mollusk lots are missing essential data such as collecting date (30% of records) and reliable georeferences (85% of records). This project will generate reliable geo-coordinate data for all covered specimen lots using a collaborative georeferencing project in GeoLocate. GeoLocate will add layers for bathymetric data, benthic habitat, and marine conservation areas. Incorporating bathymetry into GeoLocate to determine the extent of locations will also provide that capability for complex elevational data for terrestrial species. Important trait data will also be incorporated. For the first time, molluscan occurrence data will distinguish between live- and dead-collected specimens, with a defined vocabulary for traits added to each record. Due to the long persistence of molluscan shells, the live/dead- collected distinction is crucial for all studies of biotic change using mollusks. Information on collecting dates will be refined where possible to increase resolution for detecting biotic changes. The data will be shared through public data repositories, including iDigBio, GBIF, OBIS, and the InvertEBase Symbiota portal.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国东海岸（ESB，美国专属经济区）从大西洋上的加拿大边境沿近6000公里的东部海岸线延伸，环绕佛罗里达半岛，沿墨西哥湾延伸至德克萨斯州海岸南端，包括美国 18 个州。 ESB 地区人口稠密，到 2021 年，预计将有 47% 的美国人口居住在海岸线附近的县。栖息地丧失、污染、过度捕捞和气候变化威胁着 ESB 沿线具有重要商业和生态意义的海洋物种。该项目将为沿 ESB 栖息的 3,000 多种软体动物提供带有地图坐标的事件数据，包括贻贝、蛤、海螺、蜗牛和鱿鱼。这些具有生态和商业重要性的物种（超过 450 万个个体样本）的数据将通过公共在线数据门户提供。虽然许多软体动物物种的地理分布范围众所周知，但它们在海底栖息地内的分布范围尚不清楚。将地图坐标添加到自然历史收藏中活体采集的软体动物的出现记录中将提供详细的分布知识。由于自然历史收藏品收集了从 1800 年代中期至今的标本，这些发生记录可以帮助跟踪分布随时间的变化，并导致更好的渔业和保护管理。 北美各地的自然历史收藏中记录了 1 亿个软体动物标本，与其他无脊椎动物类群相比，这些收藏的广度、深度和增长速度异常出名。软体动物是采样最好的动物群之一，其中一些物种在自然历史收藏中拥有超过 2,000 条数字记录，这使得它们非常适合跟踪动物群随时间和空间变化的环境和生物地理学研究。然而，已经数字化的软体动物批次缺少重要数据，例如采集日期（30% 的记录）和可靠的地理参考（85% 的记录）。该项目将使用 GeoLocate 中的协作地理配准项目为所有覆盖的标本批次生成可靠的地理坐标数据。 GeoLocate 将为测深数据、海底栖息地和海洋保护区添加图层。将水深测量纳入 GeoLocate 以确定位置范围也将为陆地物种的复杂海拔数据提供这种能力。重要的性状数据也将被纳入。软体动物出现数据将首次区分活体和死体采集的标本，并在每条记录中添加定义的特征词汇表。由于软体动物壳的长期存在，活体/死体收集的区别对于所有使用软体动物进行生物变化的研究至关重要。将尽可能完善有关收集日期的信息，以提高检测生物变化的分辨率。这些数据将通过公共数据存储库共享，包括 iDigBio、GBIF、OBIS 和 InvertEBase Symbiota 门户。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。