Understanding the contribution of individual differences to domain-general and domain-specific components of false memories in both young and older adults

了解个体差异对年轻人和老年人错误记忆的一般领域和特定领域组成部分的贡献

• 批准号: 2000047
• 负责人: Nancy Dennis
• 金额: $ 84.85万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2000047&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; contribution; individual; differences; domain

The proposed project seeks to examine and understand individual differences underlying the occurrence of false memories, which is defined as remembering an event incorrectly or differently than how it originally occurred. The investigation of individual differences underlying both cognitive and neural variability in memory performance will be a critical factor in understanding the sources of false memories across the lifespan. By understanding the mechanisms that lead to these memory errors, we can better understand how to avoid these errors. The project will examine the benefits of a cognitive training strategy aimed at reducing false memories in older individuals. The research will use both behavioral and neuroimaging (fMRI) methods to understand the basis of false memories. Neuroimaging analyses will include univariate, functional connectivity, and multivariate analyses to uncover the neural mechanism underlying both true and false memories. This will expand understanding of factors that contribute to false memories across the lifespan. The research will train undergraduate and graduate students on cognitive neuroscience of memory and cognitive aging and will educate the public about memory and cognitive processes that change with age. Memory research typically aims to identify how memories are represented in the brain. Aging research typically aims to identify sources of age-related deficits in memory. The current proposal combines these goals to reveal the cognitive and neural processes underlying a significant source of error in cognitive aging, that of false memories. The long-term goal is to identify domain-general and domain-specific sources of variance associated with false memories across the lifespan and identify effective, evidence-based strategies for reducing memory errors. This project aims to identify the cognitive and neural markers of such variance as well as individual differences factors that contribute to false memories. The research will also examine the effects of cognitive training in older adults to successfully reduce the incidence of false memories. To do so, the work will utilize behavioral methods examining individual differences in false memories in older adults, as well as advanced neuroimaging methods to investigate how neural information is processed, and represented, throughout the brain. By understanding both common and unique influences associated with the susceptibility to false memories across difference sources, the project can identify strategies for effectively reducing false memories, thereby ameliorating age-related memory decline.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

拟议的项目旨在检查和理解虚假记忆发生的基本差异，这定义为记住事件与最初发生的情况不同。对记忆表现认知和神经变异性的个体差异的调查将是理解整个寿命中错误记忆来源的关键因素。通过了解导致这些内存错误的机制，我们可以更好地了解如何避免这些错误。该项目将研究旨在减少老年人虚假记忆的认知训练策略的好处。该研究将同时使用行为和神经影像学（fMRI）方法来理解虚假记忆的基础。神经影像分析将包括单变量，功能连通性和多变量分析，以揭示真实和错误记忆的神经机制。这将扩大对造成整个生命周期中错误记忆的因素的理解。这项研究将培训本科和研究生的记忆和认知衰老的认知神经科学，并将教育公众了解随着年龄的变化而改变的记忆和认知过程。记忆研究通常旨在确定记忆在大脑中的代表。衰老研究通常旨在确定记忆中与年龄相关的缺陷来源。当前的提案结合了这些目标，以揭示认知衰老（错误记忆）中重大错误源的认知和神经过程。长期的目标是确定与整个寿命中的错误记忆相关的域中和特定领域的差异来源，并确定有效的基于证据的策略来减少记忆错误。该项目旨在确定这种差异的认知和神经标记以及导致虚假记忆的个体差异因素。该研究还将检查老年人认知训练的影响，以成功减少虚假记忆的发生率。为此，这项工作将利用行为方法研究老年人的错误记忆中的个体差异，以及先进的神经影像学方法来研究整个大脑中如何处理和代表神经信息。通过了解与跨差异来源的虚假记忆相关的常见和独特影响，该项目可以确定有效减少虚假记忆的策略，从而减轻与年龄相关的记忆的下降。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响，可以通过评估来进行评估，以审查Criteria。