Mid-scale RI-1 (M1:DP): Consortium Proposal for CMB-S4 Design Development

中型 RI-1 (M1:DP)：CMB-S4 设计开发联盟提案

• 批准号: 1935892
• 负责人: John Carlstrom
• 金额: $ 398.42万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mid; scale; RI; M1; DP

The search for primordial gravitational waves as direct evidence for cosmic Inflation is one of the most important goals of fundamental physics and cosmology today. This goal has long been recognized as a top research priority for the astrophysics community, as recommended by the NRC's "Quarks to the Cosmos" report (2003), the Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey (2010), and the Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5), Building for Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the Global Context (2014). The cosmic microwave background (CMB) research is also selected as one of the strategic priorities for Antarctic Sciences. The CMB Stage 4 (CMB-S4) program represents a coming-together of almost the entire U.S. community of CMB researchers. This program is built on decades of CMB measurements from the ground, and it will be a major thrust of the CMB community for the next two decades. CMB-S4 will use the technologies developed from the considerable investment made in CMB science to date, extending them to far larger scales, both to cross critical science thresholds in our understanding of the Universe and to provide a powerful and unique millimeter-wave survey covering 80% of the sky at high cadence over seven years to serve the worldwide astronomical community in the era in which multi-wavelength and multi- messenger astrophysics is a path to new understanding and discoveries.This award will support an Interim Project Office (IPO) tasked with developing the CMB-S4 program through the MREFC-scale "Preliminary Design Phase". The CMB-S4 "Strawperson Concept" was accepted by the Astronomy & Astrophysics Advisory Committee that advises NSF, DOE, and NASA. The award's results will be reviewed by the joint NSF/DOE panel for readiness to move forward to the equivalent of the "Final Design Phase" as an NSF/MREFC and DOE/MIE project. CMB-S4 telescopes will be deployed at the South Pole Station (Antarctica) and the Atacama Plateau (Chile). With its large increase in sensitivity, CMB-S4 will transform understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe and the underlying physical laws that govern it. The CMB-S4 program will cross critical thresholds in testing the theory of Inflation, determining the number and total masses of neutrinos, constraining possible new light relic particles, providing precise constraints on the nature of Dark Energy, and testing General Relativity on large scales. This award addresses and advances the science objectives and goals of the NSF's "Windows on the Universe: The Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics" program. This award is supported by the Foundation-wide Mid-scale Research Infrastructure program and will be managed by the Office of Polar Programs within the Directorate for Geosciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

寻找原始引力波作为宇宙膨胀的直接证据是当今基础物理学和宇宙学最重要的目标之一。正如 NRC 的“夸克到宇宙”报告（2003 年）、天文学和天体物理学十年调查（2010 年）以及粒子物理项目优先小组（2010 年）所建议的那样，这一目标长期以来被认为是天体物理学界的首要研究重点。 P5），为发现而建设：全球背景下的美国粒子物理学战略计划（2014 年）。宇宙微波背景（CMB）研究也被选为南极科学的战略重点之一。 CMB 第 4 阶段 (CMB-S4) 计划代表了几乎整个美国 CMB 研究人员社区的聚集。该计划建立在数十年 CMB 地面测量的基础上，它将成为未来二十年 CMB 社区的主要推动力。 CMB-S4 将使用迄今为止对 CMB 科学进行大量投资而开发的技术，将其扩展到更大的范围，以跨越我们对宇宙理解的关键科学门槛，并提供强大而独特的毫米波勘测，涵盖在多波长和多信使天体物理学成为新理解和发现之路的时代，七年内以高节奏覆盖 80% 的天空，为全球天文学界提供服务。该奖项将支持一项临时项目项目办公室 (IPO) 的任务是通过 MREFC 规模的“初步设计阶段”开发 CMB-S4 项目。 CMB-S4“稻草人概念”已被为 NSF、DOE 和 NASA 提供咨询的天文学和天体物理学咨询委员会接受。该奖项的结果将由 NSF/DOE 联合小组进行审查，以准备好进入相当于 NSF/MREFC 和 DOE/MIE 项目的“最终设计阶段”。 CMB-S4望远镜将部署在南极站（南极洲）和阿塔卡马高原（智利）。随着灵敏度的大幅提高，CMB-S4 将改变对宇宙起源和演化以及支配宇宙的基本物理定律的理解。 CMB-S4计划将在测试暴胀理论、确定中微子的数量和总质量、限制可能的新光遗迹粒子、对暗能量的性质提供精确限制以及大规模测试广义相对论方面跨越关键阈值。该奖项致力于并推进美国国家科学基金会“宇宙之窗：多信使天体物理学时代”计划的科学目标和目标。该奖项由基金会范围内的中型研究基础设施计划支持，并将由地球科学理事会内的极地计划办公室管理。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Sidelobe modeling and mitigation for a three mirror anastigmat cosmic microwave background telescope

三镜消像散宇宙微波背景望远镜的旁瓣建模和缓解

• DOI: 10.1364/ao.488454
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Applied Optics
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Gullett, Ian;Benson, Bradford;Besuner, Robert;Bihary, Richard;Carlstrom, John;Emerson, Nick;Gallardo, Patricio A.;Gomez, Jillian;King, Cesiley L.;McMahon, Jeff;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Fabrication of a monolithic 5 m aluminum reflector for millimeter-wavelength observations of the cosmic microwave background

用于宇宙微波背景毫米波观测的单片 5 米铝反射器的制造

• DOI: 10.1364/ao.488901
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Applied Optics
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Natoli, Tyler;Benson, Bradford;Carlstrom, John;Chauvin, Eric;Clavel, Bruno;Emerson, Nick;Gallardo, Patricio;Niemack, Mike;Padin, Steve;Schwab, Klaus;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Review of radio frequency interference and potential impacts on the CMB-S4 cosmic microwave background survey

射频干扰及其对CMB-S4宇宙微波背景调查的潜在影响回顾

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2629651
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
• 作者: Barron, Darcy;Bender, Amy N.;Birdwell, Ian;Carlstrom, John;Delabrouille, Jacques;Guns, Sam T.;Kovac, John M.;Lawrence, Charles R.;Paine, Scott N.;Whitehorn, Nathan
• 通讯作者: Whitehorn, Nathan

Optical design concept of the CMB-S4 large-aperture telescopes and cameras

CMB-S4大口径望远镜和相机的光学设计理念

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2626876
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
• 作者: Gallardo, Patricio A.;Benson, Bradford;Carlstrom, John;Dicker, Simon;Emerson, Nick;Gudmundsson, Jon;Hills, Richard;Limon, Michele;McMahon, Jeff;Niemack, Michael D.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Conceptual design of the modular detector and readout system for the CMB-S4 survey experiment

CMB-S4巡天实验模块化探测器和读出系统的概念设计

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2630494
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
• 作者: Barron, Darcy;Ahmed, Zeeshan;Aguilar, Jessica;Anderson, Adam;Baker, Carina;Barry, Peter;Beall, James;Bender, Amy;Benson, Bradford;Besuner, Robert;et al
• 通讯作者: et al