SaTC: CORE: Medium: Collaborative: Studying the Impact of IPv6 on Information Controls and Censorship Circumvention

SaTC：核心：媒介：协作：研究 IPv6 对信息控制和审查规避的影响

• 批准号: 1953983
• 负责人: Rishab Nithyanand
• 金额: $ 39.91万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1953983&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Medium; Collaborative; Studying

Deployment of the IPv6 standard has seen a rapid increase in the past decade with Google currently measuring 25-30% of their traffic being served over native IPv6 connections, 25% of all Internet-connected networks advertising IPv6 connectivity, and major mobile networks such as T-Mobile embracing the standard. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for censorship circumvention tool developers and researchers to measure how IPv6 deployments are impacting online information control systems, and how the emergence of IPv6 could enable novel circumvention techniques to augment existing tools. The overall objective in this project is to develop measurement methodologies to track IPv6-specific information control deployments and develop new circumvention strategies which leverage features of the IPv6 deployment and protocol. The research can have wide reaching near and long term impact in terms of facilitating free and open communication over the Internet. The project makes the following technical contributions. First, the project measures how information controls deployments are modified to handle IPv6 traffic. The project seeks to understand how IPv6 is handled by information controls deployments. To this end, the investigators explore two directions: updating existing IPv4-specific measurement techniques and platforms to make them IPv6-capable and developing new measurement techniques utilizing the IPv6 protocol to improve information controls measurement capabilities. Second, the project designs schemes that leverage the IPv6 protocol to bypass online censors in the short- and long-term. The goal is to understand how the IPv6 protocol can aid censorship circumvention. To this end, the researchers explore three directions: (1) making short-term gains against censors by leveraging IPv6 transition technologies, (2) advancing the state of Refraction Networking technologies by using IPv6, and (3) developing clean slate IPv6 based circumvention tools.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

IPv6 标准的部署在过去十年中迅速增长，Google 目前测量其 25-30% 的流量是通过本机 IPv6 连接提供服务的，所有互联网连接网络中 25% 的广告 IPv6 连接，以及主要移动网络（例如T-Mobile 拥抱该标准。因此，审查规避工具开发人员和研究人员迫切需要衡量 IPv6 部署如何影响在线信息控制系统，以及 IPv6 的出现如何使新的规避技术能够增强现有工具。该项目的总体目标是开发测量方法来跟踪特定于 IPv6 的信息控制部署，并开发利用 IPv6 部署和协议特性的新规避策略。这项研究可以在促进互联网上自由和开放的交流方面产生广泛的近期和长期影响。该项目做出了以下技术贡献。首先，该项目衡量如何修改信息控制部署来处理 IPv6 流量。该项目旨在了解信息控制部署如何处理 IPv6。为此，研究人员探索了两个方向：更新现有的IPv4专用测量技术和平台，使其支持IPv6；利用IPv6协议开发新的测量技术，以提高信息控制测量能力。其次，该项目设计了利用 IPv6 协议来绕过短期和长期在线审查的方案。目标是了解 IPv6 协议如何帮助规避审查。为此，研究人员探索了三个方向：(1) 通过利用 IPv6 过渡技术在对抗审查方面取得短期收益，(2) 通过使用 IPv6 推进折射网络技术的状态，以及 (3) 开发基于 IPv6 的全新规避技术该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。