COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Comparative and temporal biodiversity genomics of Ethiopian Highland montane forest passerine birds

合作研究：埃塞俄比亚高地山地森林雀形目鸟类的比较和时间生物多样性基因组学

• 批准号: 1953688
• 负责人: Joseph Manthey
• 金额: $ 50.57万
• 依托单位: Texas Tech University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1953688&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Comparative; temporal; biodiversity

Humans have impacted Earth’s landscape, including large scale forest fragmentation. While researchers have documented ecosystem degradation or species loss due to human impacts, how populations of particular species have reacted to forest fragmentation has been less studied, particularly in regions without long term monitoring. With increasingly fragmented habitats and smaller population sizes, forest species are more susceptible to chance extreme natural events, and reduced within-species genetic variation decreases future adaptive potential. Using forest songbirds from the Ethiopian Highlands as a model system to study population changes through time, the researchers will measure current and past genetic variation and population demographics using contemporary samples as well as archival samples from ~100 years ago housed in natural history collections. Consequently, this project will provide insight about how the past century’s forest fragmentation has impacted population trends in forest-specialized species. The information and results generated by this project will be used to improve STEM education, including formal undergraduate and graduate training in genomics research as well as development of a new research-focused undergraduate genomics course at Texas Tech University. Museum specimens used in this research will be utilized to increase public scientific literacy and engagement, including digital and in-person outreach through the Brain Scoop YouTube video series and hands-on science discovery at the Grainger Science Hub at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, both using bird specimens from the 1920s-40s to show how museum specimens may be used for understanding changes in biodiversity through time.This research will determine how forest fragmentation has shaped temporal population genomic variation in Ethiopian montane forest passerine birds (Aves: Passeriformes) over the past 100 years. Using whole-genome sequence data from modern and historical sampling, the researchers will estimate demographic histories, genetic diversity within populations, genetic differentiation between populations, and relative rates of gene flow to test hypotheses about (1) spatiotemporal patterns and processes of diversification, (2) species-specific characteristics (e.g., dispersal ability) shaping diversification, and (3) patterns of population genomic diversity generation, maintenance, or erosion through the past century. The project’s final products will include open genomic resources for several species of Ethiopian forest birds, science communication of results via presentations, reports, and manuscripts for audiences in the US, Ethiopia, and globally, and student training in all aspects of the research including field studies, genomic sequence generation, bioinformatics, and dissemination.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类影响了地球的景观，包括大规模的森林破碎。尽管研究人员已经记录了由于人类影响而导致的生态系统降解或物种损失，但特定物种对森林碎片化的反应方式较少，尤其是在没有长期监测的地区。随着越来越分散的栖息地和较小的人口规模，森林物种更容易受到偶然的极端自然事件的影响，并且遗传变异降低会降低未来的自适应潜力。研究人员将使用埃塞俄比亚高地的森林歌曲鸟作为模型系统来研究人口的变化，研究人员将使用当代样本以及100年前的自然历史收藏中衡量当前和过去的遗传变异和人口统计学。因此，该项目将提供有关上个世纪的森林破碎化如何影响森林特有物种的人口趋势的见解。该项目产生的信息和结果将用于改善STEM教育，包括基因组学研究的正式本科和研究生培训，以及开发德克萨斯理工大学的新的以研究为重点的本科基因组学课程。这项研究中使用的博物馆规格将被用来提高公共科学素养和参与度，包括通过大脑和面对面的宣传通过大脑scoop YouTube视频系列和芝加哥田野自然历史博物馆的Grainger Science Hub的动手科学发现，既利用1920年代40年代的鸟类来探讨了博物馆的模型，都可以在森林中使用森林来了解森林的变化。在过去的100年中，埃塞俄比亚山地森林鸟类鸟类（Aves：Passeriformes）的形状临时种群基因组变异。使用来自现代和历史取样的全基因组序列数据，研究人员将估计人口统计学历史，人群中的遗传多样性，人群之间的遗传学分化以及基因流的相对速率以及对（1）多样化的空间时间模式和多样化过程的假设进行测试，（2）特定的特定特征（例如，分配能力）（例如，传播能力）（例如，传播能力）（3）通过该项目的最终产品的侵蚀将包括用于几种埃塞俄比亚森林鸟类的开放基因组资源，通过演示，报告和稿件进行科学传播，为美国的受众，埃塞俄比亚和全球范围的受众提供手稿，以及在研究的各个方面进行的学生培训，包括现场研究，包括基因组序列的产生，生物信息构成和分解。利用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Relatedness within colonies of three North American species of carpenter ants (Subgenus: Camponotus) and a comparison with relatedness estimates across Formicinae

• DOI: 10.1007/s00040-023-00906-7
• 发表时间: 2023-03-21
• 期刊: INSECTES SOCIAUX
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Meadows，B. A.;Emad，M.;Manthey，J. D.
• 通讯作者: Manthey，J. D.

Varied diversification patterns and distinct demographic trajectories in Ethiopian montane forest bird (Aves: Passeriformes) populations separated by the Great Rift Valley

被大裂谷分隔开的埃塞俄比亚山地森林鸟类（鸟类：雀形目）种群的多样化多样化模式和独特的人口统计轨迹

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.16417
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Manthey, Joseph D.;Bourgeois, Yann;Meheretu, Yonas;Boissinot, Stéphane
• 通讯作者: Boissinot, Stéphane