JST: SCC-PG: Understanding Heat Resiliency via Physiological, Mental, and Behavioral Health Factors for Indoor and Outdoor Urban Environments

JST：SCC-PG：通过室内和室外城市环境的生理、心理和行为健康因素了解耐热性

• 批准号: 1951928
• 负责人: Suren Jayasuriya
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1951928&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: JST; SCC; PG; Understanding; Heat

Exposure to extreme heat is harmful to human health and well-being. As cities grow and both the incidence and intensity of high-temperature events increases, the management of population heat exposure while minimizing disruption to day-to-day activities is becoming a growing challenge among urban planners and residents alike. High temperatures pose especially large potential risks for vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and low-income families. This Smart and Connected Communities Planning Grant supports the creation of a collaborative working group of researchers in mobile systems, computational imaging and sensing, urban climate informatics, and economics alongside key stakeholders of community members, city officials, urban planners, and designers to investigate potential strategies to increase heat resiliency in urban populations. In collaboration with researchers and community members from Japan, this project will seek to identify, promulgate, and promote strategies for heat-risk reduction and resiliency - both within and across cultural contexts - while also investigating the importance of local cultural factors in the spread and adoption of such strategies at the individual and societal levels. This work will span both the United States and Japan, two populations whose cities suffer different issues related to heat exposure. This project will support travel, preliminary research studies, and workshop forums with community partners. The outcomes of this planning grant will include pilot studies and data collection for measuring physiological factors for heat effects, as well as a multiscale framework for linking physiological, behavioral/mental, and socioeconomical/cultural factors for heat resiliency across the United States and Japan. This project aims to identify and assist stakeholders in tackling challenges facing at-risk populations in communities due to extreme heat. In particular, the project plans and builds capacity for future research aimed to study (1) physiological markers for heat stress and exposure, leveraging techniques from physics-based computational imaging and mobile health sensing, as well as (2) mental and behavioral models for individuals exposed to heat conditions, and how they interact with one another. Results will be used to develop user-centric thermal comfort models for individuals exposed to extreme heat conditions. This includes both physiological effects due to quantifiable environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, but also subjective assessment of an individual’s tolerance to heat based on clothing, activity level, past exposure history and experiences. A key focus of this project is to study these factors across communities in the United States and Japan. This includes planning and piloting preliminary data collection efforts for three cities: Amherst, Massachusetts; Phoenix, Arizona; and the greater Osaka region, Japan. Researchers with expertise in sensor development, heat sensing, mobile health, economics and behavioral modeling, and urban climate and infrastructure will collaborate to understand key research questions about the challenges and need for solutions in this application domain. This research will interact with key stakeholders in the three communities across the United States and Japan, and insights gleaned from the research will be shared with the community to develop effective strategies to build climate-smart cities. Workshops and collaborative activities will strengthen research ties between the international institutions, including capacity building and planning for integrative research in the future to tackle heat resiliency in both the United States and Japan.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

暴露于极端热量对人类健康和福祉有害。随着城市的增长以及高温事件的事件和强度的增加，人口热量暴露的管理，同时最大程度地减少对日常活动的干扰正在成为城市规划师和居民的日益严重的挑战。高温对弱势群体（例如老年儿童和低收入家庭）的潜在风险特别大。智能和互联的社区规划赠款支持移动系统，计算成像和传感，城市气候信息和经济学领域的研究人员的合作工作组，以及社区成员，市政府官员，城市规划人员和设计师的主要利益相关者，以调查潜在的策略，以提高城市人口中的热恢复能力。与日本的研究人员和社区成员合作，该项目将寻求识别，颁布和促进降低热风险和弹性的战略 - 无论是在文化背景外还是在文化背景下，同时还研究了当地文化因素在个人和社会水平上的传播和采用此类策略中的重要性。这项工作将跨越美国和日本，两个人口的城市遭受与热量暴露有关的不同问题。该项目将支持旅行，初步研究和与社区合作伙伴的研讨会论坛。该计划赠款的结果将包括试点研究和数据收集，以衡量物理因素的热效应，以及将生理，行为/精神和社会经济/文化因素联系起来的多尺度框架，以供整个美国和日本进行热弹性。该项目旨在确定并协助利益相关者应由于极高的热量而应对社区中处于危险人群面临的挑战。特别是，该项目计划并建立了未来研究的能力，旨在研究（1）生理标记，以进行热应激和暴露，从而利用基于物理的计算成像和移动健康感测的技术，以及（2）暴露于热量条件的人的心理和行为模型以及如何相互作用。结果将用于开发以用户为中心的热舒适模型，该模型暴露于极端热量条件下。这包括由于可量化的环境条件（例如温度和湿度）引起的物理影响，还包括基于服装，活动水平，过去的暴露历史和经验的个人对热量的耐受性的主观评估。该项目的重点是研究美国和日本社区的这些因素。这包括针对三个城市的计划和试行的初步数据收集工作：马萨诸塞州阿默斯特；亚利桑那州凤凰城；以及日本大阪地区。具有传感器开发，传感，移动健康，经济学和行为建模以及城市气候和基础设施专家的研究人员将合作了解有关该应用领域中解决方案的挑战和需求的关键研究问题。这项研究将与美国和日本的三个社区的主要利益相关者互动，从研究中收集的见解将与社区共享，以制定有效的策略来建立气候智能城市。研讨会和协作活动将加强国际机构之间的研究关系，包括能力建设和未来综合研究计划，以解决美国和日本的热弹性。这奖反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的审查审查的审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

MaRTiny—A Low-Cost Biometeorological Sensing Device With Embedded Computer Vision for Urban Climate Research

• DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.866240
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 作者: Karthik K. Kulkarni;Florian A. Schneider;Tejaswini M. Gowda;Suren Jayasuriya;Ariane Middel