Community Facility Support: Management and Operation of a Continental Scientific Drilling and Coring Facility

社区设施支持：大陆科学钻探和取芯设施的管理和运营

• 批准号: 1951112
• 负责人: Anders Noren
• 金额: $ 729.42万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1951112&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Community; Facility; Support; Management; Operation

This Division of Earth Sciences Program community facility award supports operations and management of the Continental Scientific Drilling Facility (CSDF). Several types of Earth science research require analyzing materials such as soil, rock, water, and microbes below the ground surface. Drilled boreholes also allow installation of instruments below the surface that improve our understanding of earthquake processes, or the movement of water below the surface, or processes that form different minerals and change rock into soil, or the best ways to harness geothermal energy. Over time, sediment layers are deposited in lakes, and each of the sediment layers contains information about the conditions around the lake at the time it was deposited. Collecting core samples from lakebeds allows analysis of the layers of sediment to understand how climate, water, ecosystems, volcanoes, and Earth’s plate motions have changed in the region near the lake, throughout the entire lifespan of the lake. Reaching these materials deep below the surface requires drilling and core sampling. These procedures are complex, expensive, and can be high risk, and the tools, instruments, and data systems are specialized. CSDF supports hundreds of research projects per year that involve short coring in lakes to deep drilling in crystalline rock. Activities of the CSDF include: project development; logistics and contracting; field operations management; outreach, diversity, and education; rental and sales of specialized equipment and supplies; core scanning, splitting/slabbing, subsampling, and description; subsample preparation and analysis; maintenance of repositories for stewardship of samples, data, publications, and reference collections; cyberinfrastructure development; physical infrastructure development; and community coordination.Scientific drilling and coring are essential for the advancement of the Earth Sciences. They are the primary means to access fresh, unweathered materials that are not exposed at the surface. Core samples from lakes and other sedimentary basins provide archives of environmental and ecosystem history, allowing reconstruction of the Earth-life system through time to understand system changes and ecosystem response and resilience. Core samples and boreholes provide a means to understand hydrologic, geologic, and geochemical processes operating at depth, through sampling, in-situ measurements, and long-term monitoring. Subsurface microbiological communities may be sampled and analyzed to understand their role in rock weathering, fault mechanics, and other geologic and geochemical processes. Scientific motivations are diverse, including hydrology and fluid transport, geochemistry, geomicrobiology, paleorecords of the Earth-Life system, volcanology and magmatism, tectonics, geothermal, fault mechanics and seismicity, rock weathering, and bolide impacts. Coring and drilling operations that enable this science are often complex, highly technical, expensive, and entail substantial risk, and the equipment, tooling, instrumentation, and data management systems required are specialized. Although requirements vary between projects, the many commonalities allow economies of scale by leveraging shared expertise and resources, even as projects range in depth or cost by a factor of 100,000 or more. The Continental Scientific Drilling (CSD) Facility delivers resources for all of these communities in accordance with their priorities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该地球科学计划社区设施奖支持大陆科学钻探设施 (CSDF) 的运营和管理。多种类型的地球科学研究还需要分析地表以下的土壤、岩石、水和微生物等材料。允许在地表以下安装仪器，以提高我们对地震过程的理解，或地表以下水的运动，或形成不同矿物质并将岩石变成土壤的过程，或随着时间的推移利用地热能的最佳方法，沉积物层。是沉积在湖泊中，每个沉积物层都包含有关沉积时湖泊周围状况的信息，从湖床上收集岩心样本可以分析沉积物层，以了解气候、水、生态系统、火山和地球的情况。在湖泊的整个生命周期中，靠近湖泊的区域的板块运动发生了变化，要到达地表深处的这些物质需要钻探和岩心取样，这些过程复杂、昂贵，而且风险很高，而且需要工具和仪器。 ， 和CSDF 每年支持数百个研究项目，涉及湖泊的短期取芯和结晶岩的深层钻探。专业设备和用品的租赁和销售；样本、数据、出版物和参考资料库的维护；科学钻探和取芯对于地球科学的进步至关重要，它们是从湖泊和其他沉积物中获取未风化的新鲜材料的主要手段。盆地提供了环境和生态系统历史档案，允许随着时间的推移重建地球生命系统，以了解系统变化和生态系统响应和恢复力。岩心样本和钻孔提供了一种了解深度运行的水文、地质和地球化学过程的方法。采样，可以对地下微生物群落进行采样和分析，以了解它们在岩石风化、断层力学以及其他地质和地球化学过程中的作用，包括水文学和流体输送、地球化学、地球微生物学、地球生命系统的古记录、火山学和岩浆作用、构造学、地热、断层力学和地震活动、岩石风化以及火流星取芯和钻探作业。实现这一科学往往是复杂的、技术性很强的、昂贵的，并且需要很大的风险，并且所需的设备、工具、仪器和数据管理系统都是专业化的，尽管项目之间的要求各不相同，但许多共性允许通过利用共享的专业知识来实现​​规模经济。和资源，即使项目的深度或成本高达 100,000 倍或更多。大陆科学钻探 (CSD) 设施根据所有这些社区的优先事项为其提供资源。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命和目标。通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，该项目被认为值得支持。