Closing a Gap in Macroevolutionary Studies: Integrating Fossils and Phenotypes to Illuminate Morphological Evolution in Monocot Flowering Plants

缩小宏观进化研究的差距：整合化石和表型以阐明单子叶开花植物的形态进化

• 批准号: 1949151
• 负责人: Selena Smith
• 金额: $ 52.34万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-15 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949151&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Closing; Gap; Macroevolutionary; Studies; Integrating

This project will study monocot flowering plants, a highly diverse group of plants that are economically and ecologically important, including many staple foods (grains, plantains, oil palms), horticulturally valuable plants (lilies, orchids, irises), and the main components of ecosystems such as grasslands and wetlands. The leaves and fruits/seeds from both living and fossil monocots will be studied to understand how morphology has changed over the evolutionary history of this important group. Broadening our understanding of evolutionary patterns and processes across all life is relevant to addressing present-day challenges such as how species and Earth systems will adapt to current and future environmental change. The project will provide training for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students, including those who are from groups that are currently underrepresented in STEM fields. In addition, a new website to increase recognition of Earth & environmental scientists who are from a diversity of backgrounds and experiences will be created and a public display at the University of Michigan Natural History Museum will help communicate findings from this research to the public.A subset of monocot flowering plants will be used as a model system for understanding macroevolutionary processes relating to phenotypic diversity. Morphological data on leaf and fruit/seed traits from four orders-Alismatales (water-plantains and seagrasses), Pandanales (screw-pines), Arecales (palms) and Zingiberales (bananas & gingers)-will be collected to build a novel phenotypic framework facilitating the interpretation and phylogenetic placement of fossil taxa. A new time-calibrated phylogenetic tree will be produced using a revised fossil record. Properties of plant traits, including correlations among traits and differences between vegetative (leaf) and reproductive (fruit/seed) traits on phylogenetic inference will be characterized. Finally, the phenotypic data will be analyzed to infer temporal shifts in morphospace, quantify disparity, and determine rates and modes of morphological evolution in these four clades of monocots.This award is co-funded with the Systematics and Biodiversity Sciences program (Division of Environmental Biology).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将研究单子叶开花植物，这是一群在经济和生态上重要的植物，包括许多主食（谷物，车前草，油棕），园艺有价值的植物（莉莉，兰花，鸢尾花）和生态系统的主要组成部分，例如草地和湿地。将研究来自生命和化石单子叶植物的叶子和水果/种子，以了解这一重要群体的进化史的形态如何变化。扩大我们对所有生活中进化模式和过程的理解与应对当前挑战，例如物种和地球系统如何适应当前和未来的环境变化。该项目将为高中，本科生和研究生提供培训，包括那些目前在STEM领域中代表性不足的团体的培训。此外，将创建一个新的网站，以增加来自各种背景和经验的地球与环境科学家的认识，密歇根大学自然历史博物馆的公开展示将有助于将这项研究的发现传达给公共。来自四个订单 - 浮雕（水植物和海草）的叶子和水果/种子特征的形态学数据，pandanales（螺丝钉），陆上（PALMS）和Zingiberales（Palms）和Zingiberales（Bananas＆Gingers） - 将收集以建立一种新型的表型框架，以促进新型的表型框架促进解释性征服和细胞化学的限制。使用修订后的化石记录将生产一棵新的时间校准的系统发育树。植物特征的特性，包括特征（叶）和生殖（水果/种子）性状之间在系统发育推断上的差异和生殖（果实/种子）性状的差异。最后，将分析表型数据，以推断形态上的时间变化，量化差异，并确定这四个单子弹枝的形态进化的速率和模式。该奖项与系统和生物多样性科学计划共同授予了该奖项，以反映了NSF的构建统治，并反映了Internitial of Internition the Internitial the Indertional of DEEM的证明，并以此为由。和更广泛的影响审查标准。