Collaborative Research: The economics of social data

合作研究：社会数据经济学

• 批准号: 1948692
• 负责人: Alessandro Bonatti
• 金额: $ 22.99万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1948692&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; economics; social; data

This award funds research in economic theory. The rise of large Internet platforms is leading to an unprecedented collection and use of data. The platforms generate massive amounts of data about individual consumers, their preferences, their locations, their friends, their political views, and almost all other facets of their lives. The availability of individual-level data allows companies to offer refined search results, personalized product recommendations, informative ratings, timely traffic data, and targeted advertisements. The resulting markets for data introduce a fundamentally new set of economic relationships. A central feature of the data collected from individuals is its social aspect. Namely, the data captured from an individual user is not only informative about that specific individual, but also about users similar to her. Thus, individual data is really social data. The social nature of the data generates an informational externality. That is, an individual providing information about herself affects the marketplace options available to others. This project will give us new insights into how data markets affect economic outcomes. The team will pursue a research agenda focused on data markets. The first step is to establish the theoretical foundations of our understanding of how information markets work. This research focuses on the social aspect of information collection, which leads to a newly understood "data externality" that can be associated with various market failures. This research seeks to understand why internet data platforms tend to become large dominant firms, and how this affects the welfare of consumers, advertisers, and publishers. The next step is to analyze whether and how large internet platforms can maintain and possibly extend their market power through various contracting and commercial practices, and how both antitrust enforcement and regulatory policy might respond. The team will investigate the likely industry equilibrium and competitive structure in such markets for data and information, and any possible regulatory interventions. More specifically they will develop new results on how the gathering of this kind social data impacts the economics of content providers (e.g., online, print, radio and television media). Finally, how do the current contracting practices in the digital advertising markets accentuate or attenuate the data externalities, and the resulting social outcomes? These questions gain importance in the presence of the externality generated by the social data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项为经济理论提供了研究。大型互联网平台的兴起导致了空前的数据收集和使用。这些平台产生了有关个人消费者，他们的偏好，他们的位置，朋友，政治观点以及生活中几乎所有其他方面的大量数据。个人级别数据的可用性允许公司提供精致的搜索结果，个性化的产品建议，信息丰富的评级，及时的流量数据和目标广告。由此产生的数据市场引入了一系列新的经济关系。从个人那里收集的数据的主要特征是其社会方面。也就是说，从单个用户捕获的数据不仅对该特定个人有用，而且对与她类似的用户也是如此。因此，个人数据确实是社交数据。数据的社会性质产生了信息外部性。也就是说，提供有关自己的信息会影响他人可用的市场选择。该项目将使我们对数据市场如何影响经济成果的新见解。该团队将追求专注于数据市场的研究议程。第一步是建立我们对信息市场如何运作的理解的理论基础。这项研究的重点是信息收集的社会方面，这导致了新知识的“数据外部性”，可以与各种市场失败有关。这项研究旨在了解为什么互联网数据平台倾向于成为大型统治公司，以及这如何影响消费者，广告商和出版商的福利。下一步是分析大型互联网平台是否可以通过各种签约和商业实践来维护并可能扩大其市场力量，以及反托拉斯执法和监管政策如何做出响应。该团队将在此类市场中研究可能的行业均衡和竞争结构，以获取数据和信息，以及任何可能的监管干预措施。更具体地说，他们将开发有关此类社交数据的收集如何影响内容提供商经济学（例如在线，印刷，广播和电视媒体）的新结果。最后，在数字广告市场中的当前签约实践如何突出或衰减数据外部性以及由此产生的社会成果？在社会数据产生的外部性的情况下，这些问题具有重要的意义。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

Data Markets with Privacy-Conscious Consumers

具有隐私意识的消费者的数据市场

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: AEA papers and proceedings
• 作者: Rossella Argenziano;Alessandro Bonatti
• 通讯作者: Alessandro Bonatti