Microwave-enabled Manufacturing of Single-phase, Multi-principal Element Alloy Nanoparticles

单相、多主元合金纳米粒子的微波制造

基本信息

批准号：
1946912
负责人：
Yugang Sun
金额：
$ 33.51万
依托单位：
Temple University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-01 至 2023-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1946912&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Microwave enabled Manufacturing Single phase

项目摘要

This grant supports research that contributes new knowledge in the processing of single-phase, multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) nanoparticles. Multi-principal element alloys such as high entropy alloys are technologically important because of their extraordinary properties. Mixing different principal elements uniformly results in new properties that do not exist in nanoparticles made of pure elements. Most principal elements are immiscible at ambient temperatures, which results in the segregation of different elements in the nanoparticles when they are manufactured using conventional heating and cooling methods that are usually slow. This award supports fundamental research to develop a microwave-enabled flash or rapid heating and cooling method for the manufacture of multi-principal element alloy nanoparticles. Flash heating enables uniform mixing of the different elements at high temperatures. Flash cooling rapidly freezes the uniformly mixed elements to form single-phase multi-principal element alloy nanoparticles. Successfully manufacturing multi-principal element alloy nanoparticles opens an entirely new opportunity to explore novel properties and applications of these nanoparticles for high-performance catalysis, structural engineering, and additive manufacturing. Therefore, the results of this research benefits the U.S. economy and society. This research involves the use of large-scale facilities at national laboratories that train students to become specialists in advanced materials manufacturing and characterization. More broadly, performing this research educates students, especially, those from underrepresented groups, with multidisciplinary knowledge and prepares a technically trained workforce for a wide-range industries including advanced manufacturing. The microwave-enabled flash heating and cooling of nanometer-sized alloys can overcome the limitations of conventional heating and cooling methods. However, scientific and technical barriers of creating high temperature gradients around nanometer-sized alloys are yet to be overcome to realize the manufacturing of single-phase multi-principal element (MPEA) nanoparticles of different compositions. The technique involves exposing a reaction system to a high-power microwave pulse that selectively heats metal alloy nanoparticles confined in micelle vesicles (metal salts) to generate an extremely high temperature gradient across the thin walls of the micelle vesicles dispersed in a microwave transparent solvent. The ensuing rapid melting and solidification results in single-phase super-saturated nanoparticles. In situ, high-energy synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) are used to study the complex microstructure evolution kinetics in the MPEA nanoparticles under the radiation of a microwave pulse. The research team fabricates MPEA nanoparticles of catalytic and refractory metals, and explores their applications in catalysis, e.g., selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to ethanol and ammonia synthesis, and additive manufacturing, focusing on 3D printing of refractory metal nanoparticles.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该赠款支持研究在处理单相多质元素合金（MPEA）纳米颗粒方面有助于新知识的研究。多元素元素合金（例如高熵合金）在技术上很重要，因为它们具有非凡的特性。混合不同的主元素会统一地产生新特性，这些特性在由纯元素制成的纳米颗粒中不存在。大多数主要元素在环境温度下都是不混溶的，这会导致纳米颗粒中不同元素的分离，当它们使用常规加热和通常缓慢的冷却方法制造时，它们会导致它们的不同元素。该奖项支持基础研究，以开发支持微波炉的闪光或快速加热和冷却方法，用于生产多元素元素合金纳米颗粒。闪光加热使不同元素在高温下均匀混合。闪光冷却迅速冻结均匀混合的元件，形成单相多质元素合金纳米颗粒。成功地制造多质元素合金纳米颗粒为探索这些纳米颗粒的新型特性和应用提供了全新的机会，用于高性能催化，结构工程和添加剂制造。因此，这项研究的结果对美国经济和社会有益。这项研究涉及在国家实验室使用大型设施，这些设施培训学生成为高级材料制造和特征的专家。从更广泛的角度来看，对这项研究进行了教育，尤其是来自代表性群体不足的学生，拥有多学科知识，并为包括高级制造业在内的大型行业进行技术培训的劳动力。启用微波炉的闪光加热和纳米尺寸合金的冷却可以克服常规加热和冷却方法的局限性。然而，在纳米大小的合金周围创建高温梯度的科学和技术障碍尚待克服，以实现不同组合物的单相多质元素（MPEA）纳米颗粒的制造。该技术涉及将反应系统暴露于高功率微波脉冲中，该脉冲有选择地加热由胶束囊泡（金属盐）中的金属合金纳米颗粒（金属盐），以在胶束囊泡的薄壁上分散在微波透明溶剂中的胶片囊泡的薄壁上产生极高的温度梯度。随之而来的快速熔化和凝固会导致单相超饱和纳米颗粒。原位，高能量同步子小角度X射线散射（SAXS）和广角X射线散射（蜡）用于研究Microwave脉冲辐射下MPEA纳米粒子中的复杂微结构演化动力学。研究小组制造催化和耐火金属的MPEA纳米颗粒，并探索其在催化中的应用，例如，选择性的电化学减少到乙醇和氨合成的二氧化碳和氨合成，以及附加制造，以及通过质量金属Nanaparticles的3D打印来进行的，并在反映的宣传中进行了反映，并具有反映的含义。基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响评论标准。