CAREER: The relative importance of remote oceanic forcing on estuarine exchange flow across a broad parameter space - Numerical analysis integrated with visualization & educati

职业：远程海洋强迫对跨广泛参数空间的河口交换流的相对重要性 - 数值分析与可视化相结合

• 批准号: 1944735
• 负责人: Sarah Giddings
• 金额: $ 80.68万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1944735&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; relative; importance; remote; oceanic

Exchange between estuaries and the coastal ocean is a key dynamical driver affecting the flushing characteristics of an estuary (residence time) and impact critical biological and biogeochemical processes such as nutrient and phytoplankton concentrations, development of anoxic/hypoxic conditions and acidification across the estuary/ocean interface. Extensive research on the local forces (i.e., river flow, vertical mixing, tidal pumping due to bathymetry, local winds) driving estuarine exchange flows has helped advance knowledge of estuarine physics. However, the relative role of oceanic forcing (i.e., offshore plumes, coastal trapped waves, storm induced set-up, and wind driven upwelling / downwelling) is less understood, particularly across the different estuary types. This study aims at understanding the relative influence of remote oceanic forcing on estuarine exchange flow using numerical modeling applied across 10 different estuary types. Existing, validated, realistic numerical simulations are paired with semi-idealized and idealized numerical simulations for analysis. The scientific value of understanding the influence of remote forcing on estuarine exchange is broad given its impacts on important biological and biogeochemical processes, and more importantly, it will afford improved understanding of how estuaries may respond to future changes of oceanic and atmospheric conditions. In addition, as part of this study, research is integrated with education through the design of an interactive visualization tool for numerical simulations. This study employs a synthesis approach and uses simulations generated by numerous scientists. This brings together the estuarine research community to address scientific questions that could not be answered by individual estuary studies. The educational component of the work aims at building a community of scientist - educators that include scientists, education researchers and experts, secondary school teachers in science and computer science, undergraduate researchers, a postdoctoral researcher, and a graduate student. Valuable tools for both the research and education communities, including analysis codes, an interactive simulation visualization tool accompanied with lesson scaffolding curriculum content, and teaching resources will be developed and made publicly available.There is a knowledge gap on the relative importance of remote oceanic forcing on estuarine exchange flow and how this varies across different estuary types. This gap is addressed in this study where existing estuarine parameterizations are tested, and the results are mapped onto the appropriate parameter space. The synthesis of 10 different estuarine numerical models constitutes a novel way of approaching estuarine science - studying a variety of estuaries rather than one "favorite estuary." Specifically, the proposed work will (1) Calculate the estuarine exchange flow (as quantified by the Total Exchange Flow, TEF) across a wide estuarine parameter space (defined by the mixing parameter, M, and freshwater Froude number, Frf); (2) Quantify the role of remote oceanic forcing on TEF for different types and frequencies of remote forcing and on different estuary types and geometries; (3) Use model output to optimally design an observational array to measure these processes with TEF; (4) Integrate an interactive visualization tool of numerical simulation output with lesson scaffolding to produce educational tools and opportunities for integration between research and educationThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

河口与沿海海洋之间的交换是影响河口（停留时间）潮红特征的关键动力驱动力，并影响关键的生物学和生物地球化学过程，例如营养和植物浮游生物的浓度，发育的缺氧/低氧条件以及河口/海洋界面的酸化和酸化。 对当地力量的广泛研究（即河流，垂直混合，由于测深而引起的潮汐抽水，局部风）驱动河口交换流量有助于提高人们对河口物理学的了解。然而，海洋强迫（即海上羽流，沿海捕获的波浪，风暴引起的设置和风驱动上升 /下降流）的相对作用知之甚少，尤其是在不同的河口类型中。这项研究旨在使用在10种不同河口类型上应用的数值建模来了解远程海洋强迫对河口交换的相对影响。现有，经过验证的现实数值模拟与半思想化和理想化的数值模拟配对进行分析。鉴于其对重要的生物学和生物地球化学过程的影响，了解远程强迫对河口交换的影响的科学价值是广泛的，更重要的是，它将对河口对海洋和大气条件的未来变化的反应有所改善。此外，作为这项研究的一部分，通过设计用于数值模拟的交互式可视化工具，将研究与教育整合。这项研究采用了一种综合方法，并使用了许多科学家产生的模拟。这汇集了河口研究界，以解决各个河口研究无法回答的科学问题。这项工作的教育部分旨在建立一个科学家社区 - 包括科学家，教育研究人员和专家，科学和计算机科学的中学教师，本科研究人员，博士后研究人员和研究生。研究和教育社区的有价值的工具，包括分析代码，互动仿真可视化工具，伴随着课程脚手架课程内容以及教学资源的开发和公开可用。在远程海洋强迫上对河口交换的相对重要性存在知识差距。在本研究中解决了该差距，该差距测试了现有的河口参数化，结果将映射到适当的参数空间。 10种不同的河口数值模型的合成构成了一种接近河口科学的新方法 - 研究各种河口而不是一个“最喜欢的河口”。具体而言，提议的工作将（1）计算河口交换流（按总交换流量，TEF量化）跨宽河口参数空间（由混合参数，M和淡水Froude Number，FRF定义）； （2）量化远程海洋强迫对远程强迫的不同类型和频率以及不同河口类型和几何形状的作用； （3）使用模型输出来最佳设计观察阵列，以用TEF测量这些过程； （4）将数值模拟输出的交互式可视化工具与课程脚手架相结合，以产生教育工具和研究与教育之间的融合机会，这反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子的智力优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来支持的。