Collaborative Research: Hydrologic Dynamics in a Coastal Aquifer During an Extreme Multi-Hazard Coastal Storm

合作研究：极端多灾种沿海风暴期间沿海含水层的水文动力学

基本信息

批准号：
1933010
负责人：
Britt Raubenheimer
金额：
$ 28.78万
依托单位：
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1933010&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Hydrologic Dynamics Coastal

项目摘要

Coastal population growth has led to coastal water quality impairment from excess input of nutrients and other contaminants. Fresh groundwater flowing from land to the coast and discharging through the seabed to the sea can serve as a significant source of chemicals to coastal surface water, resulting in algal blooms, fish kills, and loss of biodiversity. Beach aquifers provide a valuable ecological service of chemically filtering groundwater contaminants prior to discharge to the ocean. The chemical reactivity of beach aquifers depends on groundwater flow behavior and mixing between fresh water and seawater. The objective of this study is to use field measurements and numerical models to understand the effects of extreme multi-hazard coastal storms (including surge, heavy precipitation, and coastal erosion) on groundwater flow and mixing patterns in beach aquifers. Field observations will be conducted at the Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility near Duck, NC. The work will help estimate future nutrient and contaminant release to coastal waters due to more frequent and intense storms, coastal erosion, and sea level rise. The objective of the proposed research is to integrate hydrogeological and physical oceanographic methodologies to obtain new understanding of groundwater dynamics and redox behavior in beach aquifers during severe coastal storms. The proposed study will combine field observations and numerical models to 1) characterize the individual and combined effects of storm surge, extreme precipitation, and coastal morphological change on beach groundwater dynamics, 2) assess aquifer recovery time for different storm and morphological scenarios, and 3) evaluate spatiotemporal patterns of saltwater-freshwater mixing during and after an extreme storm event. This study will take place as part of the DUring Nearshore Event eXperiment (DUNEX) at the Army Corps of Engineers Field Research Facility to leverage meteorological, oceanographic, and geomorphological measurements and logistical support funded by the U.S. Coastal Research Program (USCRP). The study is applicable to coastal managers aiming to 1) assess the ecological value of sandy beaches as moderators of chemical and material fluxes between land and sea, 2) estimate the timing of chemical release to coastal waters during and after coastal storms, 3) predict changes to chemical delivery due to more frequent and intense storms, coastal erosion, and sea level rise, and 4) design post-storm beach nourishment strategies to promote beach aquifer ecological services. The study will integrate with educational opportunities coordinated by USCRP during the experiment, including lectures, hands-on activities for students, coastal professionals, and the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沿海人口增长导致沿海水质因营养物质和其他污染物的过量输入而受损。从陆地流向海岸并通过海底排入海洋的淡水可以成为沿海地表水化学物质的重要来源，导致藻华、鱼类死亡和生物多样性丧失。海滩含水层提供了宝贵的生态服务，可以在排入海洋之前对地下水污染物进行化学过滤。海滩含水层的化学反应性取决于地下水流动行为以及淡水和海水之间的混合。本研究的目的是利用现场测量和数值模型来了解极端多灾种沿海风暴（包括潮汐、强降水和海岸侵蚀）对海滩含水层地下水流和混合模式的影响。现场观测将在北卡罗来纳州达克附近的陆军工程兵团现场研究设施进行。这项工作将有助于估计未来由于更加频繁和强烈的风暴、海岸侵蚀和海平面上升而向沿海水域释放的营养物和污染物。拟议研究的目的是整合水文地质学和物理海洋学方法，以获得对严重沿海风暴期间海滩含水层地下水动力学和氧化还原行为的新认识。拟议的研究将结合实地观测和数值模型，以 1) 描述风暴潮、极端降水和沿海形态变化对海滩地下水动态的单独和综合影响，2) 评估不同风暴和形态情景下含水层的恢复时间，以及 3 ）评估极端风暴事件期间和之后咸水-淡水混合的时空模式。这项研究将作为陆军工程兵团实地研究设施的 DUring 近岸事件实验 (DUNEX) 的一部分进行，以利用美国沿海研究计划 (USCRP) 资助的气象、海洋和地貌测量以及后勤支持。该研究适用于沿海管理者，旨在 1) 评估沙滩作为陆地和海洋之间化学和物质通量调节剂的生态价值，2) 估计沿海风暴期间和之后化学物质释放到沿海水域的时间，3) 预测由于更加频繁和强烈的风暴、海岸侵蚀和海平面上升而导致化学品输送的变化，以及 4) 设计风暴后海滩滋养策略以促进海滩含水层生态服务。该研究将与 USCRP 在实验期间协调的教育机会相结合，包括为学生、沿海专业人士和公众举办的讲座、实践活动。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力评估进行评估，认为值得支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。