Collaborative Proposal: MSA: Controls on coupled nitrogen and carbon cycles of watersheds across eco-regions

合作提案：MSA：跨生态区域流域耦合氮和碳循环的控制

• 批准号: 1926463
• 负责人: Mark Green
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: Case Western Reserve University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1926463&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; MSA; Controls; coupled

Title: Collaborative Proposal: MSA: Controls on coupled nitrogen and carbon cycles of watersheds across eco-regionsNitrogen is a critical nutrient that supports life. Too much can cause problems such as unsightly algal blooms or coastal dead zones where fish cannot live. The fate of nitrogen is closely tied to the fate of carbon in plants and soil. However, the connection between nitrogen and carbon remains poorly understood. In particular, little is known about carbon and nitrogen interactions across different landscapes, from the tropics to the arctic. This project will help better understand what controls nitrogen leaving watersheds through streams. It will take advantage of data collected by the National Ecological Observatory Network across the nation's diverse environments. This research is important as people add more nitrogen to the land through air pollution, fertilizers, and septic systems. It will also help understand how much carbon the environment can absorb as carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere. The project will result in new data sets that will be shared with other researchers. The project team will work with schools and local communities to explain how what happens on land affects water quality. Findings will be translated to be useful for policy makers. A diverse group of students will learn how to use environmental sensor technology. Consistent input and output measurements for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems collected by NEON will be used to address the overarching question: "How tightly are watershed carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles coupled across biomes and how is this coupling influenced by physical environmental conditions (climate and hydrology), vegetation characteristics, and legacies from past disturbance?" Hypotheses will be tested related to the role of watershed carbon to nitrogen ratios, precipitation, storminess, temperature, and disturbance using 1) ongoing NEON sensor, manually-collected, and remote sensing measurements to estimate watershed N inputs, N outputs and net ecosystem C exchange (NEE), 2) a terrestrial ecosystem model (PnET) to scale NEE to the entire watershed draining to streams, and 3) analysis of watershed net N and C fluxes against potential explanatory data for each domain. Twenty-two NEON watersheds defined by wadeable streams and proximity of NEE measurements will be used, incorporating a wide range of watershed characteristics. Watershed budget estimates will include estimates of uncertainty in both C and N fluxes and sinks. Scientific findings will be translated into education and policy relevant information with groups such as LTER Schoolyard program and the Science Policy Exchange.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

标题：协作建议：MSA：对跨生态区域氮的氮和碳循环的控制，是一种支持生命的关键营养素。 太多会导致难看的藻华或鱼类无法生存的沿海死区等问题。 氮的命运与植物和土壤中碳的命运紧密相关。 然而，氮和碳之间的联系仍然很少理解。 特别是，关于从热带到北极的不同景观的碳和氮相互作用知之甚少。 该项目将有助于更好地了解如何控制氮，从而使流域通过溪流。 它将利用全国各种环境中国家生态天文台网络收集的数据。 这项研究很重要，因为人们通过空气污染，肥料和化粪池系统为土地增加了更多的氮。 它还将有助于了解环境可以吸收的碳，因为二氧化碳在大气中的增加。 该项目将导致新的数据集与其他研究人员共享。 项目团队将与学校和当地社区合作，以解释土地上发生的事情如何影响水质。 调查结果将被翻译为对政策制定者有用。 一群不同的学生将学习如何使用环境传感器技术。霓虹灯收集的陆生和水生生态系统的一致输入和输出测量将用于解决总体问题：“流域碳（C）和氮（n）周期的紧密性如何，互联到跨生物群落以及这种耦合如何影响物理环境环境条件的影响（气候和水文学），植被特征以及过去干扰的遗产？”将测试假设与流域碳与氮的比率，降水量，暴风雨度，温度和干扰的作用相关，使用1）正在进行的霓虹灯传感器，手动收集和遥感测量值以及估算NESTHED NEPTS，N Exchange（NEE），2）陆地生态系统模型（PNET），以扩展到整个流域的缩放到流到溪流，以及3）分析了针对每个域的潜在解释数据的分水岭N和C的分析。将使用22个由可涉水流和NEE测量的邻近定义的霓虹灯，并结合了广泛的流域特征。 分水岭预算估计将包括C和N通量和水槽中不确定性的估计。科学发现将与诸如LTER校园计划和科学政策交流之类的团体转化为教育和政策相关信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。