CNH-L: Energy Transitions and Environmental Change in East and Southern Africa's Coupled Human, Terrestrial, and Atmospheric Systems

CNH-L：东部和南部非洲人类、陆地和大气耦合系统的能源转型和环境变化

• 批准号: 1923568
• 负责人: Pamela Jagger
• 金额: $ 84.77万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1923568&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Energy; Transitions; Environmental; Change

Wood fuels are used as an energy source for cooking, heating, and small-scale industrial activities by a large number of people in the developing world. As populations increase, the effects of burning wood or other biomass on the vitality of forests, air quality, and human health or well-being can be severe. This project investigates the dynamic connections among these areas of concern and evaluates strategies that can alleviate problems in the future. It examines how people use forest resources for energy and whether these habits are altered by the introduction of more efficient cooking stoves and other new technologies. The effects on forest condition will be examined through direct measurements and modeling. Measurements of air quality will determine how pollution levels will be affected. The field sites are in Malawi and the results will be scaled up to determine the possible changes in the larger regions of eastern and southern Africa. This research has the potential to improve forest condition and air quality in areas at risk of severely declining environmental conditions, and improve the quality of life for large numbers of people who depend upon these resources.The overall goal of this project is to investigate linkages between the use of biomass energy in Southern Africa and its coupled impacts on human, terrestrial, and atmospheric systems. Quantitative and qualitative field observations of both human and natural systems, scenario development, and modeling of both the atmospheric and land-use changes will further examine these linkages and quantify the magnitude of human influence. The project will explore how natural and human system resilience can be enhanced at local, national and regional scales assessing the impact of a scalable household energy intervention. This study couples both terrestrial and atmospheric systems with the human system, providing a new dimension on human-environment relationships. It also adds new insights into the relative effects of a wide array of biomass energy uses on land-use land-cover changes, air quality, and human well-being. The project also evaluates a scalable household energy intervention targeted at the poorest and most vulnerable households, and models its influence on terrestrial and atmospheric systems in future scenarios.

木材燃料被用作发展中国家的许多人的烹饪，供暖和小规模工业活动的能源。随着人群的增加，燃烧木材或其他生物量对森林，空气质量以及人类健康或福祉的活力的影响可能很严重。该项目调查了这些关注领域之间的动态联系，并评估了将来可能会减轻问题的策略。它研究了人们如何通过引入更有效的烹饪炉和其他新技术来将森林资源用于能源以及这些习惯是否会改变。对森林状况的影响将通过直接测量和建模来检查。空气质量的测量将决定如何影响污染水平。野外地点位于马拉维，结果将扩大规模，以确定东部和南部非洲较大地区的可能变化。这项研究有可能改善面临严重下降环境状况的地区的森林状况和空气质量，并改善依赖这些资源的大量人的生活质量。该项目的总体目标是研究南部非洲生物量能量的使用与其对人，地面和大气系统的耦合影响之间的联系。人类和自然系统的定量和定性现场观察，场景发展以及大气和土地利用变化的建模将进一步研究这些联系并量化人类影响力的幅度。该项目将探讨如何在评估可扩展家庭能源干预的影响的本地，国家和地区范围内如何增强自然和人类系统的弹性。这项研究将陆地和大气系统与人类系统融合在一起，为人类环境关系提供了新的维度。 它还为广泛的生物质能源使用对土地利用土地覆盖，空气质量和人类福祉的相对影响增加了新的见解。该项目还评估了针对最贫穷和最脆弱家庭的可扩展家庭能源干预措施，并在未来情况下对其对陆地和大气系统的影响进行建模。