Collaborative Research: RUI--Lake Breeze Influence on Ozone Transport as Captured by an Unmanned Aircraft System

合作研究：RUI——无人机系统捕获的湖风对臭氧传输的影响

• 批准号: 1918983
• 负责人: Joseph Hupy
• 金额: $ 13.95万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1918983&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RUI; Lake; Breeze

The research project seeks new understanding of the exposure to air pollutants across large areas of land and water near Lake Michigan by taking measurements of meteorological variables and ozone near the lake with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) at altitudes near the surface up to 400 feet. Communities at the shorelines of Lake Michigan have been negatively impacted by poor air quality for decades. The main pollutant of concern is ozone formed from atmospheric chemical reactions promoted by airborne emissions from urban activities, ample sunlight, and the smooth stable atmosphere. Lake Michigan generates its own local meteorology. When the warm air from the surrounding land flows over the relatively cold water, the air flow can transport urban emissions over the lake for a long distance with high pollutant concentration. Meanwhile the urban emission can be transported upward over the heated land surface, forming large spatial variations of ozone concentration. Consequently, air movements with different pollutant concentrations and chemical reactions can impact air quality in the area surrounding the lake. The field measurement will provide airborne air-quality measurements beyond the traditional measurement at fixed ground monitoring stations and airborne measurements with manned aircraft at higher altitudes from previous field campaigns. These measurements are ideal for improving air quality forecast models in the Great Lakes region for capturing near-surface features. The UAS involved in this study will be a C-Astral Bramor fixed-wing unmanned aerial system with a meteorological sensor package on board. The specific objectives of flying the UAS are to a) characterize lake-breeze characteristics of near shore circulation onset and vertical variations along the shoreline of Lake Michigan, b) capture the development or movement of convergence zones/fine scale circulations within a lake-breeze frontal region from offshore to onshore over time, and c) monitor ozone gradients, characteristics of chemical circulation patterns within marine-influenced inversions at the shoreline over time at low altitudes. The use of the UAS to fly pre-programed data collection missions would allow scientists to elucidate pollutant transport in the region of lake-breeze circulation for understanding connections between small scale circulations with broader air quality repercussions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究项目通过对湖附近的气象变量和臭氧的测量进行测量，并在湖边附近的气象变量和臭氧附近，在地表附近的海拔高达400英尺的高度，对密歇根湖附近的空气污染物的暴露率进行了新的了解。数十年来，密歇根湖海岸线的社区受到空气质量差的负面影响。关注的主要污染物是由城市活动，充足的阳光和光滑稳定大气的空气降低所促进的大气化学反应形成的臭氧。密歇根湖产生了自己的当地气象学。当来自周围土地的温暖空气流过相对较冷的水时，空气流量可以在湖上运输城市排放，以较长的距离，而污染物浓度很高。同时，城市排放可以在加热的陆地表面上向上运输，从而形成臭氧浓度的较大空间变化。因此，具有不同污染物浓度和化学反应的空气运动会影响湖周围地区的空气质量。现场测量将在固定地面监测站进行传统尺寸之外的空中空气质量测量，并在以前的现场活动中使用较高高度的载人飞机进行空中测量。这些测量值是改善大湖地区空气质量预测模型的理想选择，用于捕获近乎表面的特征。参与这项研究的UA将是一个C-焦点固定翼无人空中系统，并带有气象传感器包装。 The specific objectives of flying the UAS are to a) characterize lake-breeze characteristics of near shore circulation onset and vertical variations along the shoreline of Lake Michigan, b) capture the development or movement of convergence zones/fine scale circulations within a lake-breeze frontal region from offshore to onshore over time, and c) monitor ozone gradients, characteristics of chemical circulation patterns within marine-influenced inversions at the shoreline over低海拔时间。使用UAS驾驶预先编程的数据收集任务将使科学家能够阐明湖泊循环区域的污染物运输，以了解具有更广泛的空气质量后果的小规模循环之间的连接。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。