Two-verb predicates in sign languages: Typological Variation and Emergence

手语中的双动词谓词：类型变异和出现

基本信息

批准号：
1918545
负责人：
Diane Brentari
金额：
$ 52.9万
依托单位：
University of Chicago
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1918545&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Two verb predicates sign languages

项目摘要

The sign languages used by Deaf communities around the world are still somewhat understudied when compared to their spoken language counterparts. This research will answer two related questions about sign language verbs. Specifically, we ask when and why signers use one verb (e.g., [she-puts-planes-in-a-row]) vs. two verbs (e.g., [she-puts] [planes-in-a-row]) to describe a particular event. This structure is commonly studied in spoken languages, sometimes expressed as serial verb constructions, but it has not been studied in sign languages. Project researchers will examine how signers produce this structure and also how they understand it. In a series of studies, researchers will investigate whether certain language-specific differences about two-verb predicates in sign languages are attributable to typological class (rather than to random variation or historical relatedness). Data from three well-established, national sign languages that are unrelated to one another will be studied: American Sign Language, Hong Kong Sign Language, and Turkish Sign Language. Typology has been an important tool in predicting variation among spoken languages, and it is hypothesized to have the same explanatory power in signed languages. Project investigators will also examine how two-verb predicates emerge in sign languages and what factors are the first to trigger two-verb predicates in historical time. To address these issues, the research team will analyze data from homesigners (individuals who have not acquired a conventional language but develop their own gestural communication systems) and signers from Nicaragua. Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL) is an emerging sign language that is roughly 40 years old. The results of these analyses will shed light on the "nature" vs. "nurture" question, since the specific factors that trigger two-verb predicates in homesigners (phonological, morphological, semantic) are more likely to be ubiquitous in human language, both spoken and signed. Although it is no longer possible to trace spoken languages back to their roots in this way, the emergence of sign language in homesign provides a window onto language creation, more broadly.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

与口语相比，世界各地聋人社区使用的手语仍然没有得到充分研究。这项研究将回答两个有关手语动词的相关问题。具体来说，我们询问签名者何时以及为何使用一个动词（例如，[she-puts-planes-in-a-row]）而不是两个动词（例如，[she-puts] [planes-in-a-row]）来描述一个特定的事件。这种结构通常在口语中进行研究，有时表示为连续动词结构，但尚未在手语中进行研究。项目研究人员将研究签名者如何产生这种结构以及他们如何理解它。在一系列研究中，研究人员将调查手语中双动词谓词的某些语言特定差异是否可归因于类型类别（而不是随机变化或历史相关性）。我们将研究三种彼此无关的成熟国家手语的数据：美国手语、香港手语和土耳其手语。类型学一直是预测口语变异的重要工具，并且假设它在手语中具有相同的解释力。项目研究人员还将研究双动词谓语如何在手语中出现，以及历史上哪些因素首先触发双动词谓语。为了解决这些问题，研究小组将分析来自家庭手语者（尚未获得传统语言但开发自己的手势通信系统的个人）和尼加拉瓜手语者的数据。尼加拉瓜手语 (NSL) 是一种新兴的手语，已有大约 40 年的历史。这些分析的结果将阐明“先天”与“后天”的问题，因为在手语者中触发双动词谓词的特定因素（语音、形态、语义）更有可能在人类语言中普遍存在，无论是口头并签字。尽管不再可能以这种方式追溯口语的根源，但手语中手语的出现为更广泛的语言创造提供了一个窗口。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过评估认为值得支持利用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Conventionalization of Iconic Handshape Preferences in Family Homesign Systems

家庭签名系统中标志性手形偏好的标准化

DOI：
10.3390/languages7030156
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Languages
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Quam, Madeline;Brentari, Diane;Coppola, Maire
通讯作者：
Coppola, Maire

The communicative importance of agent-backgrounding: Evidence from homesign and Nicaraguan Sign Language

主体背景的交际重要性：来自手语和尼加拉瓜手语的证据

DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104332
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Cognition
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Rissman, Lilia;Horton, Laura;Flaherty, Molly;Senghas, Ann;Coppola, Marie;Brentari, Diane;Goldin-Meadow, Susan
通讯作者：
Goldin-Meadow, Susan

Crosslinguistic similarity and variation in the simultaneous morphology of sign languages

手语同时形态的跨语言相似性和变异

DOI：
10.1515/tlr-2020-2055
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
The Linguistic Review
影响因子：
0
作者：
Brentari, Diane;Horton, Laura;Goldin-Meadow, Susan
通讯作者：
Goldin-Meadow, Susan

The organization of verb meaning in Lengua de Señas Nicaragüense (LSN): Sequential or simultaneous structures?

Lengua de Señas Nicaragüense (LSN) 中动词意义的组织：顺序结构还是同时结构？

DOI：
10.16995/glossa.10342
发表时间：
2024
期刊：
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics
影响因子：
0
作者：
Brentari, Diane;Goldin-Meadow, Susan;Horton, Laura;Senghas, Ann;Coppola, Marie
通讯作者：
Coppola, Marie

Grammaticalization of the Body and Space in Nicaraguan Sign Language

尼加拉瓜手语中身体和空间的语法化