CNS Core: Small: NNC: Networked Noise Cancellation

CNS 核心：小型：NNC：网络降噪

• 批准号: 1910933
• 负责人: Romit Roy Choudhury
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1910933&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNS; Core; Small; NNC; Networked; CNS; Core; Small; NNC; Networked

Noise is everywhere, from people talking in offices to the never-ending traffic jams and airport announcements. Current noise canceling technology comes in the form of headphones and earbuds, which emit an anti-noise signal to counteract the external sounds. The time available for the headphones to compute this anti-noise is extremely short. This results in some noise getting through, which is why all these devices must cover the entire ear with noise-absorbing material. However, wearing such ear-blocking devices for long periods of time is not comfortable, and can even be harmful to health. This proposal aims to design a new noise-canceling architecture that does not block the ear canal. The vision is a behind-the-ear device that achieves noise cancellation as good as the best headphones or earbuds available today. The main idea behind this research involves combining wireless Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks with noise cancellation. Briefly, a microphone is placed in the environment that senses sounds and forwards them over wireless signals to an earpiece. Since wireless signals travel a million times faster than sound, the earpiece can receive the sound information in advance of the actual sound itself. Similar to lightning and thunder -- where the lightning arrives much before the thunder, hence allowing people to prepare for the loud rumble -- the proposed ear device gets the sound in advance and has much more time to produce a better anti-noise signal for human ears. Such technology has the potential to change the future of "earable" devices so that people can wear them continuously and enjoy much better control on what they hear. The implications on health are also crucial since noise pollution is becoming one of the major health concerns, especially in urban areas in developing regions.The core research contributions emerge from re-visiting classical ideas in noise cancellation with a networking and IoT lens. The proposal intends to demonstrate that new architectures are possible that not only allow additional time for acoustic signal processing, but also allow for non-causal filtering, crucial to better noise cancellation. Finally, the proposal also shows how lookahead in the sound enables filter caching and pre-loading, necessary to cancel fast changing sounds (like human conversations). Building on these foundations, the proposal is also keen on extending the ideas to device-free noise cancellation -- that is, the idea that noise can be (partially) cancelled at the ear without the need of a wearable ear-device.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

噪音无处不在，从办公室里的人到无休止的交通拥堵和机场公告。当前的降噪技术以耳机和耳塞的形式出现，它们会发出反噪声信号以抵消外部声音。耳机可用的时间计算这种反噪声的时间非常短。这导致了一些噪音，这就是为什么所有这些设备都必须用吸收噪音的材料覆盖整个耳朵的原因。但是，长时间穿这种耳堵塞设备不舒服，甚至可能对健康有害。该建议旨在设计一种不会阻止耳道的新噪声架构。愿景是一种幕后装置，可以实现消除噪音，就像当今可用的最好的耳机或耳塞一样好。这项研究背后的主要思想是将无线互联网（IoT）网络与噪声取消相结合。简而言之，将一个麦克风放置在感知声音并将其通过无线信号转发到耳机的环境中。由于无线信号的传播速度比声音快100万倍，因此听筒可以在实际声音本身之前接收声音信息。类似于雷电和雷声 - 雷电在雷声前的到来很大，因此使人们能够为大声隆隆声做准备 - 拟议的耳朵装置会提前发出声音，并有更多时间为人耳朵产生更好的反噪声信号。这样的技术有可能改变“可耳”设备的未来，以便人们可以不断地佩戴它们，并可以更好地控制自己听到的声音。对健康的影响也至关重要，因为噪声污染已成为主要的健康问题之一，尤其是在发展中心的城市地区。核心研究贡献从重新访问与网络和物联网镜头的噪声消除的经典思想中出现。该提案旨在证明新体系结构不仅可以为声学信号处理提供额外的时间，而且还允许非毒物过滤，对更好的噪声取消至关重要。最后，该提案还显示了声音中的LookAhead如何启用过滤器缓存和预加载，这是取消快速变化的声音（例如人类对话）所必需的。在这些基础的基础上，该提案还渴望将这些想法扩展到无设备的消除噪声上 - 也就是说，可以（部分）在耳朵上取消噪声而无需戴可穿戴耳部的噪声。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且通过使用基金会的知识优点和广泛的criperia criperia来评估，这是NSF的法定任务。