LTREB: Streams to Screens: Bringing the Hubbard Brook Watershed Ecosystem Record (HB-WatER) into the 21st Century

LTREB：流媒体到屏幕：将哈伯德布鲁克流域生态系统记录 (HB-WatER) 带入 21 世纪

基本信息

批准号：
1907683
负责人：
Emma Rosi
金额：
$ 65.83万
依托单位：
Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Inc.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-01 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1907683&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
LTREB Streams Screens Bringing Hubbard

项目摘要

The chemistry of precipitation and streamwater have been measured throughout the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire at least weekly since the summer of 1963, making the Hubbard Brook Watershed Ecosystem Record (HBWatER) one of the longest continuous records of its kind in existence. Over the last fifty years, HBWatER has changed our understanding of the natural world. Early work in the 1960s documented the problem of acid rain, while subsequent data from the 1970-1990s proved the effectiveness of the Clean Air act in mitigating this problem. More recently, the HBWatER record has documented the long-term declines in the concentrations of calcium in soils and streamwaters as a result of historic acid rain. Over the next decade this award will extend this long-term record to document how the chemistry of precipitation and streamwater continues to change in response to warming winters and more frequent stormflows; how watershed ecosystems are responding to reduced snowpacks and natural forest disturbances. A new data visualization platform will allow interested scientists and students of all backgrounds to interact directly with HBWatER data through guided data expeditions and easy to use data exploration tools. The longevity and continuity of HBWatER makes it a vital resource for recording the impacts of air pollution from fossil fuels, directional environmental change and emerging forest pests and pathogens on the health of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. To enhance the broader impacts, the data will become available sooner via a new database and made more accessible via a new visualization platform. Training of students including research experiences for undergraduates will continue to be a focus of this award.This award will extend the long-term record of watershed biogeochemistry at the Hubbard Brook Research Forest for another decade by continuing to collect weekly measures of precipitation and streamwater chemistry at sites throughout the Hubbard Brook Valley. Three core questions will continue to motivate and sustain the HB WatER research agenda as they have since the 1960s: Q1. How is the chemistry of precipitation and streamwater changing over time? Q2. How are watershed ecosystems responding to environmental change and changing atmospheric deposition? Q3. What are the long-term consequences of watershed ecosystem experiments in the context of regional trends? In the next decade the study will expand to ask how long-term declines in soil alkalinity and N deposition affect the responses of watershed ecosystems to environmental change, physical disturbance and pathogen and pest outbreaks. New questions for the coming decade ask: Q4. How will increasing stream discharge and a shifting hydrograph due to changing environment interact with the long-term decline in stream solute concentrations to alter the timing, magnitude and form of watershed exports? Q5. Will future forest disturbances lead to more or less dramatic watershed losses of nutrients as soils and vegetation recover from acidification? And Q6. What are the long-term effects of forest disturbance on stream pH and the export of weathering products and DOC? In every decade this long-term record has yielded new insights into the biogeochemistry of northeastern forests and has served as a basis for comparison for similar watershed ecosystem studies from all over the world. The longevity and continuity of the HB-WatER makes it a vital resource for recording the impacts of air pollution from fossil fuels, directional environmental change and emerging forest pests and pathogens on the movement of water and solutes into, through and out of watershed ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自 1963 年夏季以来，我们至少每周对新罕布什尔州哈伯德布鲁克实验森林的降水和溪流化学成分进行测量，这使得哈伯德布鲁克流域生态系统记录 (HBWatER) 成为现有同类记录中最长的连续记录之一。在过去的五十年里，HBWatER 改变了我们对自然世界的理解。 20 世纪 60 年代的早期工作记录了酸雨问题，而 1970-1990 年代的后续数据证明了《清洁空气法案》在缓解这一问题方面的有效性。最近，HBWatER 记录记录了历史性酸雨导致土壤和溪水中钙浓度的长期下降。在接下来的十年中，该奖项将扩展这一长期记录，以记录降水和河水的化学成分如何因冬季变暖和更频繁的暴风雨而持续变化；流域生态系统如何应对积雪减少和天然森林干扰。新的数据可视化平台将允许感兴趣的科学家和各种背景的学生通过引导数据探索和易于使用的数据探索工具直接与 HBWatER 数据进行交互。 HBWatER 的寿命和连续性使其成为记录化石燃料造成的空气污染、定向环境变化以及新出现的森林病虫害和病原体对陆地和水生生态系统健康影响的重要资源。为了增强更广泛的影响，数据将通过新数据库更快地提供，并通过新的可视化平台更容易访问。对学生的培训（包括本科生的研究经验）将继续成为该奖项的重点。该奖项将通过继续收集每周降水和溪流化学的测量数据，将哈伯德布鲁克研究森林的流域生物地球化学的长期记录再延长十年遍布哈伯德布鲁克山谷的各个地点。自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，三个核心问题将继续激励和维持 HB WaterR 研究议程： Q1。降水和河水的化学成分如何随时间变化？ Q2。流域生态系统如何应对环境变化和大气沉降变化？ Q3。在区域趋势的背景下，流域生态系统实验的长期后果是什么？在接下来的十年中，该研究将扩大范围，探讨土壤碱度和氮沉降的长期下降如何影响流域生态系统对环境变化、物理干扰以及病原体和害虫爆发的反应。未来十年的新问题：Q4。由于环境变化而导致的河流流量增加和水位线变化将如何与河流溶质浓度的长期下降相互作用，从而改变流域出口的时间、规模和形式？ Q5.随着土壤和植被从酸化中恢复，未来的森林干扰是否会或多或少地导致流域养分急剧流失？还有Q6。森林干扰对河流 pH 值以及风化产物和 DOC 的出口有哪些长期影响？每十年，这一长期记录都会对东北部森林的生物地球化学产生新的见解，并成为世界各地类似流域生态系统研究比较的基础。 HB-WatER 的寿命和连续性使其成为记录化石燃料造成的空气污染、定向环境变化以及新出现的森林病虫害和病原体对水和溶质进出流域生态系统的影响的重要资源。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。