EAR-PF: Biomass burning in the terrestrial Arctic during past warm periods: New insights from organic biomarkers in Lake El'gygytgyn (Siberia)

EAR-PF：过去温暖时期北极陆地生物质燃烧：来自埃尔吉吉特金湖（西伯利亚）有机生物标志物的新见解

• 批准号: 1855281
• 负责人: William Daniels
• 金额: $ 17.4万
• 依托单位: Daniels, William C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1855281&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Biomass; burning; terrestrial; EAR; PF; Biomass; burning; terrestrial

Dr. William Daniels has been granted an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out research and education plans at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The research will use geologic records of past wildfires to investigate factors that might impact future fire prevalence in the Arctic tundra. Wildfires play an important role in forest ecology, contribute to the global carbon cycle, and can interfere with human activities. In the Arctic, wildfires are historically rare, but their frequency is increasing as climate warms. This recent trend is surprising given that existing paleofire records demonstrate that a cold and dry climate is more conducive to burning then a warm and wet climate. Ancient lake sediments from the Siberian Arctic will be analyzed for evidence of past wildfires during time periods that span a wide range of climatic conditions to better understand climate-wildfire linkages. The study will test the ideas that permafrost, aridity, and vegetation can influence the relationship between temperature and tundra wildfires. The research will be coupled with community education activities, including teaching environmental science camps for local youth in Massachusetts and Arctic Alaska.The proposed research will use organic geochemical proxies in a Lake El'gygytgyn sediment core covering 3.6 million years to reconstruct variations in Arctic biomass burning over the Plio-Pleistocene. Levoglucosan and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, molecular byproducts of biomass burning, will be compared with independently-derived paleoclimate reconstructions during the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (3.02-3.26 Ma; a key analog for future global climate) and during the Superinterglacial Marine Isotope Stage 31 (1.06-1.08 Ma). Results will provide a direct comparison of glacial-interglacial variability during the Pliocene versus the Pleistocene to test if permafrost and vegetation shifts under prolonged warming could lead to profoundly different fire systematics. The study will further develop and test molecular fire proxies needed to generate additional paleofire records.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

威廉·丹尼尔斯（William Daniels）博士已获得NSF耳朵博士后奖学金，以在马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特大学（University of Massachusetts Amherst）进行研究和教育计划。该研究将使用过去野火的地质记录来研究可能影响北极苔原未来火灾流行的因素。野火在森林生态学中起着重要作用，有助于全球碳周期，并可能干扰人类的活动。在北极，野火在历史上很少见，但是随着气候温暖，它们的频率正在增加。鉴于现有的古弗雷记录表明，寒冷和干燥的气候比温暖而潮湿的气候更有利于燃烧，这一趋势令人惊讶。西伯利亚北极的古湖沉积物将在跨越广泛气候条件的时间段中分析过去的野火证据，以更好地了解气候野生火灾的联系。该研究将测试多年冻土，干旱和植被可以影响温度与苔原野火之间的关系的想法。 The research will be coupled with community education activities, including teaching environmental science camps for local youth in Massachusetts and Arctic Alaska.The proposed research will use organic geochemical proxies in a Lake El'gygytgyn sediment core covering 3.6 million years to reconstruct variations in Arctic biomass burning over the Plio-Pleistocene.左旋葡聚糖和多环芳族烃，生物量燃烧的分子副产品，将与多循环中期的温暖时期（3.02-3.26 MA;对未来全球气候的关键类似物）和超级内部气候中的独立衍生的古气候重建进行比较，并在超级融合阶段阶段31（1.06）（1.06）。结果将直接比较上新世期间冰川间间的变异性与更新世，以测试长期变暖下的永久冻土和植被转移是否会导致截然不同的火力系统学。这项研究将进一步开发和测试产生其他古气记录所需的分子消防代理。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来支持。