Visual feature perception during dynamic spatial attention and distraction

动态空间注意力和分心期间的视觉特征感知

基本信息

批准号：
1848939
负责人：
Julie Golomb
金额：
$ 45.03万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1848939&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Visual feature perception during dynamic

项目摘要

How does our visual system make sense of the world around us? Our brains construct incredibly rich perceptual experiences from the rawest of visual inputs: patterns of light on the eye's retina. A major challenge is that the environment presents more information than our visual system can fully process at a time, so we rely on the mechanisms of attention to prioritize the most relevant information. Attention and perception are vital cognitive processes that affect every aspect of our daily functioning. Understanding how these processes typically work - and when we are susceptible to perceptual errors and distortions - has critical repercussions for both the healthy visual system and various disorders, along with broad-reaching applications ranging from maximizing human behavior to development of artificial intelligence and technology. The project's education component will increase STEM opportunities for underrepresented racial and ethnic groups, enhance undergraduate education, and offer community outreach. This proposal outlines a three-year integrated research and education plan addressing how visual feature perception is altered during dynamic spatial attention and distraction. The proposal investigates a fundamental challenge for our visual systems: How do we successfully integrate information about 'what' an object is with 'where' it is? While the binding process is challenging enough on its own, it becomes particularly crucial during dynamic vision and cognition, where there are often multiple objects or locations of interest in the environment and spatial attention is constantly shifting. Using a paradigm recently developed by PI Golomb, we test the hypothesis that unstable spatial attention can cause errors in feature and object perception. In Aim 1, we focus on how visual feature perception might be altered during conditions of distraction, in collaboration with co-PI Leber, an expert in attentional control and distraction. In Aim 2, we expand in an even more fundamental direction, asking how different types of dynamic spatial attention might impact object integration for multi-feature objects. The experiments include a combination of perceptual feature reports, probabilistic mixture modeling, EEG alpha decoding, eye-tracking, and reward-based manipulations. This innovative and novel approach strives to advance our understanding of how we achieve stable and integrated visual perception, especially under conditions of dynamic attention and distraction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

我们的视觉系统如何使我们周围的世界有意义？我们的大脑从最原始的视觉输入中构建了令人难以置信的丰富感知体验：眼睛的视网膜上的光模式。一个主要的挑战是，环境比我们的视觉系统一次完全处理的信息更多，因此我们依靠关注机制来优先考虑最相关的信息。注意力和感知是影响我们日常功能的各个方面的重要认知过程。了解这些过程通常如何工作 - 当我们容易受到感知错误和扭曲的影响时，对健康的视觉系统和各种疾病都会产生严重的影响，以及从最大化人类行为到人工智能和技术的发展，广泛的应用程序。该项目的教育部分将增加代表性不足的种族和种族，增强本科教育并提供社区外展的STEM机会。该提案概述了为期三年的综合研究和教育计划，涉及在动态空间关注和分心期间如何改变视觉特征感知的方式。该提案调查了对我们的视觉系统的基本挑战：我们如何成功整合有关“一个”对象的信息“在哪里”？虽然绑定过程本身就足够挑战，但在动态视觉和认知中它变得尤为重要，在环境中通常存在多个对象或感兴趣的位置，并且空间注意力在不断变化。使用Pi Golomb最近开发的范式，我们检验了以下假设：不稳定的空间注意力会导致特征和物体感知的错误。在AIM 1中，我们专注于在分心条件下如何改变视觉特征感知，并与Co-Pi Leber合作，这是注意力控制和分心的专家。在AIM 2中，我们朝着更加基本的方向扩展，询问不同类型的动态空间注意力如何影响对象积分多功能对象。实验包括感知特征报告，概率混合物建模，EEGα解码，眼睛跟踪和基于奖励的操作的组合。这种创新和新颖的方法致力于促进我们对我们如何实现稳定和综合的视觉感知的理解，尤其是在动态关注和分心的条件下。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来支持的。