Analysis of traces of precious metals in soils

土壤中痕量贵金属分析

• 批准号: 236178858
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Kerstin Leopold
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Analytische und Bioanalytische Chemie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/236178858?language=en
• 关键词: Analysis; traces; precious; metals; soils

Platinum group metals (PGMs) are used as active elements in car catalytic converters. Mainly highly dispersed platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh) nanoparticles (NPs) on ceramic support materials are applied and are partly emitted with the exhaust due to thermal and mechanic abrasion. Up to some 100 ng PGMs per kilometre can be emitted mainly as particular matter. Up to a third of the weight of these particles are smaller than 5 nm in size. The emitted particles settle beside roads and are infiltrated in so far unknown manner in roadside soils. The aim of the proposed project is to evaluate the transport and accumulation of PGM in soils. Thereby, it will be investigated in what depths the PGMs are transported in topsoil, in which soil types and layers they are accumulated and whether infiltration into ground water is to be estimated. Several samples from infiltration basins along roads with different traffic densities will be taken and Pd, Pt, and Rh concentrations will be determined in different soil depth. For this purpose a flow injection analysis system for pre-concentration of Pd traces will be further developed in order to analysis traces of Pt and Rh. This new method will be optimized and validated. The results of this projects will contribute to the risk assessment of PGM-NPs in the environment in general.

铂类金属（PGM）用作CAR催化转化器中的活性元素。在陶瓷支撑材料上主要分散高度分散的铂（PT），钯（PD）和菱形（RH）纳米颗粒（NP），并由于热和机械磨损而部分发射了排气。每公里大约可大约100 ng PGM，主要是特定物质。这些颗粒的重量的三分之一小于5 nm的大小。发射的颗粒在道路旁定居，并在路边土壤中以未知的方式渗透。拟议项目的目的是评估PGM在土壤中的运输和积累。因此，将研究PGM在表土中运输的深度，在其中积累了土壤类型和层，以及是否要估算渗入地下水。将采集沿着具有不同交通密度不同的道路渗透盆地的几个样品，PD，PT和RH浓度将在不同的土壤深度确定。为此，将进一步开发用于PD痕迹预集中的流动注射分析系统，以分析PT和RH的痕迹。这种新方法将得到优化和验证。该项目的结果将有助于整个环境中PGM-NP的风险评估。

项目成果

Determination of traffic-related palladium in tunnel dust and roadside soil.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.048
• 发表时间: 2017-04
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: K. Leopold;K. Wörle;R. Schindl;L. Huber;M. Maier;M. Schuster

Assessing the potential of inorganic anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and PO43-) to increase the bioaccessibility of emitted palladium in the environment: Experimental studies with soils and a Pd model substance.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.039
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Environmental pollution
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: F. Zereini;C. Wiseman;Jana Poprizki;P. Albers;W. Schneider;K. Leopold