Doctoral Dissertation Research: Genetic Diversity of the Colonial Chesapeake: Insights into Kinship and the Trans-Atlantic Colonization of the United States

博士论文研究：切萨皮克殖民地的遗传多样性：对亲属关系和美国跨大西洋殖民的见解

• 批准号: 1825583
• 负责人: Theodore Schurr
• 金额: $ 3.22万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1825583&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Genetic; Diversity

This doctoral dissertation project will investigate the impact of kinship in shaping patterns of present-day human genetic diversity and explore ancestries of individuals in the African diaspora in the United States. The investigators will characterize the genomic diversity of archaeological individuals and descendant populations from the 17th century Chesapeake colonies of Maryland, Virginia, and Delaware. This project's interdisciplinary approach combines DNA data from past and contemporary descendant populations with archeological, archival and historical information to better understand how demographic processes in the past have shaped present-day genetic variation. The investigators will work closely with historical and genealogical societies and hold outreach workshops discussing the application of genetics to inform historical, family, and personal genealogical research questions. These workshops will contribute to public science education for adult learners, enhancing scientific literacy surrounding the interpretation of genetic ancestry results.The investigators will conduct a diachronic assay of genetic variation to assess the impact of kinship in shaping patterns of human genetic diversity in colonization contexts. They will collaborate with historical and genealogical societies to recruit 150 study participants with genealogical ties to the 17th century Chesapeake colonies and characterize mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosome and autosomal SNP variation using the GenoChip 2.0 microarray. Complete mitochondrial and whole nuclear genome shotgun sequencing will also be conducted on 29 individuals from two archaeological sites, Patuxent Point (1650-1680, Maryland) and Avery's Rest (1680-1710, Delaware). Patterns of genetic ancestry and levels of endogamy within these sample populations will be characterized to determine geographic origins and possible kin relations. The results will provide insights into the population dynamics of the first 100 years of European colonization and the genetic legacy of colonization in the Chesapeake region, and provide ancient DNA data from 17th century European colonists and enslaved African individuals from colonial North America.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该博士论文项目将研究亲属关系对当今人类遗传多样性模式的影响，并探索美国非洲侨民的祖先。研究人员将描述 17 世纪马里兰州、弗吉尼亚州和特拉华州切萨皮克殖民地的考古个体和后代群体的基因组多样性特征。 该项目采用跨学科方法，将过去和当代后代群体的 DNA 数据与考古、档案和历史信息相结合，以更好地了解过去的人口统计过程如何塑造当今的遗传变异。研究人员将与历史和家谱学会密切合作，并举办外展研讨会，讨论遗传学的应用，以解决历史、家庭和个人家谱研究问题。这些研讨会将有助于成人学习者的公共科学教育，提高围绕遗传血统结果解释的科学素养。研究人员将对遗传变异进行历时分析，以评估亲属关系对塑造殖民背景下人类遗传多样性模式的影响。他们将与历史和家谱学会合作，招募 150 名与 17 世纪切萨皮克殖民地有家谱联系的研究参与者，并使用 GenoChip 2.0 微阵列来表征线粒体 DNA、Y 染色体和常染色体 SNP 变异。还将对来自 Patuxent Point（1650-1680 年，马里兰州）和 Avery's Rest（1680-1710 年，特拉华州）这两个考古地点的 29 名个体进行完整的线粒体和全核基因组鸟枪测序。这些样本群体中的遗传祖先模式和内婚水平将被表征，以确定地理起源和可能的亲属关系。研究结果将深入了解欧洲殖民前 100 年的人口动态以及切萨皮克地区殖民的遗传遗产，并提供来自 17 世纪欧洲殖民者和北美殖民地被奴役非洲个体的古代 DNA 数据。该奖项反映了通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，NSF 的法定使命被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Ancient DNA and bioarchaeological perspectives on European and African diversity and relationships on the colonial Delaware frontier

关于欧洲和非洲多样性以及特拉华殖民地边境关系的古代 DNA 和生物考古学观点

• DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23887
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: American Journal of Physical Anthropology
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Fleskes, Raquel E.;Bruwelheide, Karin S.;West, Frankie L.;Owsley, Douglas W.;Griffith, Daniel R.;Barca, Kathryn G.;Cabana, Graciela S.;Schurr, Theodore G.
• 通讯作者: Schurr, Theodore G.