II-New: Multi-Dimensional Drone Communication Infrastructure

II-新：多维无人机通信基础设施

• 批准号: 1823304
• 负责人: Joseph Camp
• 金额: $ 84.98万
• 依托单位: Southern Methodist University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823304&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: II; New; Multi; Dimensional; Drone

The next wave of applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones range from delivery of consumer goods or Internet connectivity during natural disasters to defense scenarios such as autonomous combat or search and rescue, all of which require coordination of multiple entities across various altitudes from in-flight to ground-based stations. However, there are two important challenges to realizing such applications. First, positioning many antennas to communicate in three dimensions is non-trivial since the load capacity in terms of power and weight is highly restricted, and the drone body may block reception on the opposite side of the antenna. Second, large-scale antenna arrays are increasingly being used to increase channel quality in a given direction. However, there is limited antenna scale on a single UAV, and the challenge of distributing the antenna array across a drone swarm is extremely complex due to constant mobility, varying relative positions, and the inability to update the channel state of all transmitting nodes. In this project, the goal is to build MuDDI, a Multi-Dimensional Drone Communication Infrastructure, which will enable indoor and outdoor experimentation with UAVs to address research issues related to 3-D connectivity, distributed antennas across a drone swarm, and 3-D swarm formations that optimize the transmission to intended receivers.To enable these research activities, there are four key development tasks to design such an infrastructure: (i.) building a programmable drone platform to enable hybrid beamforming on each drone to enable directional transmissions across the extremes of all three physical dimensions, which requires antennas on each face of the drone and switching elements to dynamically allocate limited radio frequency (RF) processing chains to these antennas, (ii.) designing a test infrastructure for large-scale distributed beamforming across UAVs for the experimental analysis of the various channel feedback mechanisms that have been set forth but have yet to be evaluated on drones with in-flight vibrations and mobility patterns and various swarm formations, (iii.) constructing and incorporating a large-scale antenna array over the surface of the ceiling and surrounding walls to capture various resulting transmission patterns of a single drone seeking 3-D connectivity, distributed drone swarm creating various formations, and a massive multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) ground station, and (iv.) integrating a massive MIMO control station that can enable directional transmissions to, and track the mobility of in-flight systems, enabling research on the various beam widths and multi-user beam patterns that may be simultaneously allocated among large antenna arrays.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 或无人机的下一波应用范围包括自然灾害期间的消费品运送或互联网连接，以及自主作战或搜索救援等防御场景，所有这些都需要多个实体在不同高度进行协调飞行中至地面站。然而，实现此类应用存在两个重要挑战。首先，放置许多天线以进行三维通信并非易事，因为功率和重量方面的负载能力受到严格限制，并且无人机机身可能会阻挡天线另一侧的接收。其次，越来越多地使用大规模天线阵列来提高给定方向上的信道质量。然而，单个无人机的天线规模有限，并且由于恒定的移动性、不同的相对位置以及无法更新所有发射节点的信道状态，在无人机群中分布天线阵列的挑战极其复杂。在该项目中，目标是建立 MuDDI，这是一种多维无人机通信基础设施，它将支持无人机的室内和室外实验，以解决与 3D 连接、无人机群中的分布式天线和 3D 相关的研究问题。为了实现这些研究活动，设计这样的基础设施有四个关键的开发任务：(i.) 构建一个可编程无人机平台，在每架无人机上启用混合波束成形，从而实现定向传输跨越所有三个物理维度的极端，这需要无人机每个面上的天线和开关元件动态地将有限的射频（RF）处理链分配给这些天线，（ii）设计用于大规模分布式波束成形的测试基础设施跨无人机对各种通道反馈机制进行实验分析，这些机制已经提出，但尚未在具有飞行中振动和移动模式以及各种群体编队的无人机上进行评估，(iii.) 构建和合并大型天线阵列在表面上天花板和周围的墙壁，以捕获寻求 3D 连接的单个无人机的各种最终传输模式、创建各种编队的分布式无人机群以及大规模多输入/多输出 (MIMO) 地面站，以及 (iv.) 集成大规模 MIMO 控制站，可以实现定向传输并跟踪飞行系统的移动性，从而能够研究可在大型天线阵列中同时分配的各种波束宽度和多用户波束方向图。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命并已通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

项目成果

Effect of Antenna Orientation on the Air-to-Air Channel in Arbitrary 3D Space

任意 3D 空间中天线方向对空对空信道的影响

• DOI: 10.1109/wowmom51794.2021.00055
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM
• 作者: Matson, N. Cameron;Hashir, Syed Muhammad;Song, Sicheng;Rajan, Dinesh;Camp, Joseph
• 通讯作者: Camp, Joseph

Architecture and experimental evaluation of context-aware adaptation in vehicular networks

车辆网络中情境感知适应的架构和实验评估

• DOI: 10.1186/s13638-020-01668-7
• 发表时间: 2020-02-24
• 期刊: EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Hui Liu;Jialin He;John Wensowitch;D. Rajan;J. Camp
• 通讯作者: J. Camp

Leveraging UAV Rotation To Increase Phase Coherency in Distributed Transmit Beamforming

利用无人机旋转来提高分布式传输波束成形的相位相干性

• DOI: 10.1109/ccnc49033.2022.9700554
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: 2022 IEEE 19th Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC
• 作者: Badi, Mahmoud;Matson, N. Cameron;Rajan, Dinesh;Camp, Joseph
• 通讯作者: Camp, Joseph

Building and Simulating Multi-Dimensional Drone Topologies

构建和模拟多维无人机拓扑

• DOI: 10.1145/3416010.3423235
• 发表时间: 2020-11-16
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 23rd International ACM Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems
• 作者: John Wensowitch;Mahmoud Badi;D. Rajan;J. Camp
• 通讯作者: J. Camp

Channel Reciprocity Analysis and Feedback Mechanism Design for Mobile Beamforming Systems

移动波束形成系统的信道互易分析和反馈机制设计

• DOI: 10.1109/tvt.2021.3079837
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
• 影响因子: 6.8
• 作者: Shi, Yan;Badi, Mahmoud;Rajan, Dinesh;Camp, Joseph
• 通讯作者: Camp, Joseph