Collaborative Research: Chamber or Conduit - Constraining Explosive Through Effusive Eruption at Cordon Caulle, Chile 2011/12

合作研究：室或管道 - 通过在智利 Cordon Caulle 的喷发来限制爆炸物 2011/12

• 批准号: 1823122
• 负责人: Philipp Ruprecht
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823122&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Chamber; Conduit; Constraining

Volcanic eruptions pose one of the principal hazards at tectonically active continental margins, such as the Pacific northwestern United States, which are of ever increasing economic and existential importance to expanding populations. The project will enhance knowledge of the conditions that lead to eruptions of silica-rich magmas, which can be large and impactful. It will boost understanding of the fundamental processes that determine the progression of volcanic eruptions, from inception to cessation, which remains difficult to forecast. Consequently, the project transcends the purely academic and is societally relevant by advancing natural hazard assessment capabilities. The project supports education by enabling the interdisciplinary training of graduate and undergraduate students as well as a postdoctoral scholar, thus contributing to the development of a diverse and globally competitive workforce.The project's objective is to advance fundamental knowledge of how volcanoes work by simulating a volcanic eruption from initial explosive activity through lava effusion, to termination of the eruption and post-eruptive inflation, using the 2011/12 Cordon Caulle eruption in Chile as a case study. For this eruption the run-up, the syn-eruptive evolution, and the post-eruptive reconfiguration of the volcanic system were documented in unprecedented detail. The project is multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional. It encompasses geochemistry, petrology and geodesy, in addition to numerical simulation of magma storage and eruption. At the University of Nevada, Reno, the focus will be on constraining magma ascent rates and volatile budgets for the 2011/12 Cordon Caulle eruption using mineral and melt-based techniques. Furthermore, the contribution of mafic recharge to the eruptive activity will be explored with respect to the volatile budget. The geochemical data will be integrated with existing data, additional geodetic observations and numerical simulations in collaboration with the other institutions. The eruption was initially explosive and over time eruption rates decreased with activity shifting from purely explosive to effusive, resulting in the formation of a large lava flow and shallow laccolith. The current view about these types of eruptions is that effusive or explosive activity is possible under otherwise identical conditions and with potentially rapid transitions from one to the other. A goal of the project is the assessment of conditions resulting in transitions in eruptive activity in order to test this explosive-effusive bistability hypothesis. Rapid post-eruptive inflation was observed and a further goal is to assess the extent to which the system has been driven back toward a critical state. These goals will be achieved by integrating the different observational data within extensive physics-based model simulations that will lead to improvements in model reliability and further our understanding of underlying processes at Cordon Caulle and similar hazardous volcanic systems elsewhere.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

火山喷发是构造活动活跃的大陆边缘（例如美国西北部太平洋地区）的主要危害之一，这些地区对不断增长的人口的经济和生存重要性日益增加。该项目将加深人们对导致富含二氧化硅岩浆喷发的条件的了解，这种喷发可能是大规模且具有影响力的。它将增进对决定火山喷发从开始到停止的进程的基本过程的理解，而火山喷发仍然难以预测。因此，该项目超越了纯粹的学术范畴，通过提高自然灾害评估能力而具有社会意义。该项目通过对研究生和本科生以及博士后学者进行跨学科培训来支持教育，从而有助于培养多元化和具有全球竞争力的劳动力队伍。该项目的目标是通过模拟火山来提高火山工作原理的基础知识以 2011/2012 年智利 Cordon Caulle 火山喷发为例，研究从最初的爆炸活动到熔岩流出，到喷发终止和喷发后的膨胀。对于这次喷发，火山系统的预备期、同步喷发演化和喷发后的重新配置都得到了前所未有的详细记录。该项目是多学科、多机构的。除了岩浆储存和喷发的数值模拟之外，它还包括地球化学、岩石学和大地测量学。内华达大学里诺分校的重点是使用矿物和熔体技术来限制 2011/12 Cordon Caulle 喷发的岩浆上升速度和波动预算。此外，将根据不稳定的预算探讨镁铁质补给对喷发活动的贡献。地球化学数据将与其他机构合作，与现有数据、额外的大地测量观测和数值模拟相整合。喷发最初是爆炸性的，随着时间的推移，喷发率随着活动从纯粹的爆炸性转变为喷发性而降低，导致形成大量熔岩流和浅层石岩。目前对这些类型喷发的看法是，在其他相同的条件下，喷发或爆炸活动是可能的，并且可能从一种喷发迅速过渡到另一种喷发。该项目的目标是评估导致喷发活动转变的条件，以测试这种爆炸-喷流双稳态假设。观察到爆发后的快速通货膨胀，进一步的目标是评估系统被推回临界状态的程度。这些目标将通过将不同的观测数据整合到广泛的基于物理的模型模拟中来实现，这将提高模型的可靠性，并进一步加深我们对 Cordon Caulle 和其他地方类似危险火山系统的基本过程的理解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命和通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，该项目被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Outgassing through magmatic fractures enables effusive eruption of silicic magma

通过岩浆裂缝放气使硅质岩浆喷发

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107617
• 发表时间: 2022-07-01
• 期刊: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: J. Crozier;S. Tramontano;P. Forte;S. Oliva;H. Gonnermann;E. Lev;M. Manga;M. Myers;E. Rader;P. Ruprecht;H. Tuffen;R. Paisley;B. Houghton;T. Shea;C. Schipper;J. Castro
• 通讯作者: J. Castro

Feasibility of melt segregation from a crystal mush in response to the 2011–2012 eruption at Cordón Caulle, Chile

响应 2011 年至 2012 年智利科东考勒火山喷发，从晶体糊中熔体分离的可行性

• DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggad259
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Geophysical Journal International
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Phelps, Patrick R.;Gonnermann, Helge M.;Winslow, Heather;Ruprecht, Philipp;Pritchard, Matthew E.;Delgado, Francisco;Liao, Yang
• 通讯作者: Liao, Yang

Insights for crystal mush storage utilizing mafic enclaves from the 2011–12 Cordón Caulle eruption

利用 2011 年 12 月 Cordón Caulle 喷发的镁铁质飞地储存水晶糊状物的见解

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13305-y
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Winslow, Heather;Ruprecht, Philipp;Gonnermann, Helge M.;Phelps, Patrick R.;Muñoz;Delgado, Francisco;Pritchard, Matthew;Amigo, Alvaro
• 通讯作者: Amigo, Alvaro